Describe the key psychological strategies available to athletes and how they can be applied in sporting contexts. (6 marks)
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- Concentration and attention skills focus on task execution rather than outcome concerns. Athletes develop the ability to maintain focus during performance and eliminate distracting thoughts. This involves distinguishing between doing and thinking about performance.
- Mental rehearsal involves athletes visualising successful performance scenarios in vivid detail and realistic pacing. This technique builds confidence and reduces anxiety before competition through repeated mental practice. Athletes picture specific skills and successful execution patterns.
- Relaxation techniques control the body’s response to stress through various physical and mental methods. Progressive muscular relaxation targets physical tension in specific muscle groups using special exercises. Mental relaxation uses controlled breathing and meditation approaches for calming effects.
- Goal setting provides athletes with specific targets to direct their training efforts toward measurable outcomes. SMART goals ensure objectives are achievable and measurable within defined timeframes. Short-term goals serve as stepping stones toward longer-term aspirations.
- These strategies can be combined based on individual athlete needs and competition demands effectively. Individual sports may emphasise personal focus techniques while group sports incorporate team-based relaxation sessions.
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- Concentration and attention skills focus on task execution rather than outcome concerns. Athletes develop the ability to maintain focus during performance and eliminate distracting thoughts. This involves distinguishing between doing and thinking about performance.
- Mental rehearsal involves athletes visualising successful performance scenarios in vivid detail and realistic pacing. This technique builds confidence and reduces anxiety before competition through repeated mental practice. Athletes picture specific skills and successful execution patterns.
- Relaxation techniques control the body’s response to stress through various physical and mental methods. Progressive muscular relaxation targets physical tension in specific muscle groups using special exercises. Mental relaxation uses controlled breathing and meditation approaches for calming effects.
- Goal setting provides athletes with specific targets to direct their training efforts toward measurable outcomes. SMART goals ensure objectives are achievable and measurable within defined timeframes. Short-term goals serve as stepping stones toward longer-term aspirations.
- These strategies can be combined based on individual athlete needs and competition demands effectively. Individual sports may emphasise personal focus techniques while group sports incorporate team-based relaxation sessions.