Evaluate how different types of training affect the immediate response of stroke volume and how these responses contribute to performance in endurance and power-based sports. (8 marks)
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Sample Answer
Evaluation Statement:
- Training types affect stroke volume differently.
- Aerobic training proves highly effective for endurance sports.
- Resistance training shows limited cardiovascular benefits for power sports.
Criterion 1 – Stroke Volume Response Effectiveness:
- Aerobic training strongly meets the needs of endurance athletes. Substantial stroke volume increases can be sustained throughout exercise.
- Consistent oxygen supply proves crucial for marathon running or cycling. Endurance athletes rely heavily on this cardiovascular response.
- In contrast, resistance training partially fulfills power athletes’ needs. Brief stroke volume spikes occur during lifts.
- However, minimal sustained cardiovascular benefits result from resistance training. Power athletes experience limited stroke volume improvements.
- Such limitations matter less for weightlifters. Different energy systems drive their performance requirements.
Criterion 2 – Performance Transfer:
- Evidence indicates that aerobic training’s stroke volume improvements directly enhance endurance performance. Improved oxygen delivery efficiency results from these changes.
- Athletes maintain higher cardiac output with lower heart rates. Energy conservation over long durations becomes possible.
- Power training shows strong muscular development but limited stroke volume contributions. ATP-PCr and glycolytic systems drive performance more than oxygen transport.
- The mismatch between training response and sport demands is acceptable. Power sports require explosive force rather than sustained oxygen delivery.
Final Evaluation:
- Weighing these factors shows aerobic training produces highly effective stroke volume responses. Endurance performance benefits significantly from these cardiovascular improvements.
- Resistance training’s limited stroke volume benefits remain adequate for power sports. Other energy systems matter more than cardiovascular changes in power activities.
- Therefore, matching training type to sport demands proves optimal. Each training method serves its intended purpose effectively.
Show Worked Solution
Sample Answer
Evaluation Statement:
- Training types affect stroke volume differently.
- Aerobic training proves highly effective for endurance sports.
- Resistance training shows limited cardiovascular benefits for power sports.
Criterion 1 – Stroke Volume Response Effectiveness:
- Aerobic training strongly meets the needs of endurance athletes. Substantial stroke volume increases can be sustained throughout exercise.
- Consistent oxygen supply proves crucial for marathon running or cycling. Endurance athletes rely heavily on this cardiovascular response.
- In contrast, resistance training partially fulfills power athletes’ needs. Brief stroke volume spikes occur during lifts.
- However, minimal sustained cardiovascular benefits result from resistance training. Power athletes experience limited stroke volume improvements.
- Such limitations matter less for weightlifters. Different energy systems drive their performance requirements.
Criterion 2 – Performance Transfer:
- Evidence indicates that aerobic training’s stroke volume improvements directly enhance endurance performance. Improved oxygen delivery efficiency results from these changes.
- Athletes maintain higher cardiac output with lower heart rates. Energy conservation over long durations becomes possible.
- Power training shows strong muscular development but limited stroke volume contributions. ATP-PCr and glycolytic systems drive performance more than oxygen transport.
- The mismatch between training response and sport demands is acceptable. Power sports require explosive force rather than sustained oxygen delivery.
Final Evaluation:
- Weighing these factors shows aerobic training produces highly effective stroke volume responses. Endurance performance benefits significantly from these cardiovascular improvements.
- Resistance training’s limited stroke volume benefits remain adequate for power sports. Other energy systems matter more than cardiovascular changes in power activities.
- Therefore, matching training type to sport demands proves optimal. Each training method serves its intended purpose effectively.