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HMS, HIC EQ-Bank 84 MC

A mental health campaign emphasises individual resilience through positive messaging: "Find your strength" rather than "Fight depression." The campaign focuses on developing coping skills and encourages activities that bring joy and meaning.

This approach best reflects which health model?

  1. Biomedical model
  2. Ecological model
  3. Sociocultural model
  4. Salutogenic model
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\(D\)

Show Worked Solution
  • D is correct as the salutogenic model focuses on factors that promote wellbeing rather than on disease. It emphasises strengths, coping resources, and positive aspects of health maintenance.

Other options:

  • A is incorrect because the biomedical model would focus on the diagnosis and treatment of depression as a medical condition.
  • B is incorrect as the ecological model would emphasise multiple levels of influence (individual, relationship, community, society) rather than primarily focusing on individual strengths and coping.
  • C is incorrect because while the sociocultural model considers broader influences on health, this campaign primarily reflects positive health factors rather than social and cultural determinants.

HMS, HIC EQ-Bank 83 MC

A local government initiative includes installing air quality monitoring stations throughout the community and advocating for stricter emissions standards for nearby factories.

This approach best represents which health model?

  1. Ecological model
  2. Biomedical model
  3. Salutogenic model
  4. Sociocultural model
Show Answers Only

\(A\)

Show Worked Solution
  • A is correct as the ecological model addresses multiple levels of influence on health – relationships (school-based programs) and societal (emissions standards).

Other options:

  • B is incorrect because the biomedical model focuses primarily on biological aspects of disease and treatment rather than this initiative’s environmental and social approach.
  • C is incorrect as while the salutogenic model focuses on factors maintaining wellness, it doesn’t specifically emphasise the multi-level systemic approach evident in this initiative.
  • D is incorrect because this initiative more strongly demonstrates the ecological model’s focus on interactions between an individual and multiple levels of environmental influence.

HMS, HIC EQ-Bank 105

Explain how the sociocultural model of health has influenced the development and implementation of health promotion strategies targeting youth mental health in Australia.

In your answer, address at least TWO key determinants that influence health within this model.   (5 marks)

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*Language highlighting the cause-effect relationship is bolded in the answer below.

Answers could include two of the following factors:

  • The sociocultural model recognises that youth mental health is influenced by broader social, cultural, environmental and socioeconomic factors beyond individual control, which leads to more comprehensive health approaches.

Social factors

  • The sociocultural model recognises that youth mental health is influenced by social factors beyond an individual’s control.
  • This has caused health promotion strategies to address peer relationships and bullying through school-based programs like Headspace, showing how social environments directly impact mental wellbeing.
  • As a result, these programs create safer school environments which reduces anxiety and depression rates.

Cultural factors

  • Cultural factors are addressed in youth mental health promotion through culturally responsive services.
  • These programs acknowledge how different cultural backgrounds affect help-seeking behaviours and mental health stigma.
  • The cause-effect relationship is evident: culturally appropriate services increase engagement from diverse youth populations, and consequently improve treatment outcomes.

Environmental factors

  • Environmental influences like social media pressure and academic stress are targeted through initiatives creating supportive school and online environments.
  • This relationship shows how physical and digital spaces directly affect youth mental health outcomes. In this way, environmental modifications produce measurable wellbeing improvements.

Socioeconomic factors

  • Socioeconomic factors are addressed through programs targeting disadvantaged youth.
  • These initiatives recognise the relationship between socioeconomic status and mental health by providing free or subsidised services, which enables equal access to support.
  • This occurs because financial barriers prevent help-seeking, and therefore free services remove this obstacle.

Summary

  • In conclusion, the sociocultural approach has resulted in strategies that actively involve young people in planning and implementation, thereby making youth health promotion more relevant and effective.
  • This demonstrates why holistic models generate better outcomes than individual-focused approaches.
Show Worked Solution

*Language highlighting the cause-effect relationship is bolded in the answer below.

Answers could include two of the following factors:

  • The sociocultural model recognises that youth mental health is influenced by broader social, cultural, environmental and socioeconomic factors beyond individual control, which leads to more comprehensive health approaches.

Social factors

  • The sociocultural model recognises that youth mental health is influenced by social factors beyond an individual’s control.
  • This has caused health promotion strategies to address peer relationships and bullying through school-based programs like Headspace, showing how social environments directly impact mental wellbeing.
  • As a result, these programs create safer school environments which reduces anxiety and depression rates.

Cultural factors

  • Cultural factors are addressed in youth mental health promotion through culturally responsive services.
  • These programs acknowledge how different cultural backgrounds affect help-seeking behaviours and mental health stigma.
  • The cause-effect relationship is evident: culturally appropriate services increase engagement from diverse youth populations, and consequently improve treatment outcomes.

Environmental factors

  • Environmental influences like social media pressure and academic stress are targeted through initiatives creating supportive school and online environments.
  • This relationship shows how physical and digital spaces directly affect youth mental health outcomes. In this way, environmental modifications produce measurable wellbeing improvements.

Socioeconomic factors

  • Socioeconomic factors are addressed through programs targeting disadvantaged youth.
  • These initiatives recognise the relationship between socioeconomic status and mental health by providing free or subsidised services, which enables equal access to support.
  • This occurs because financial barriers prevent help-seeking, and therefore free services remove this obstacle.

Summary

  • In conclusion, the sociocultural approach has resulted in strategies that actively involve young people in planning and implementation, thereby making youth health promotion more relevant and effective.
  • This demonstrates why holistic models generate better outcomes than individual-focused approaches.

HMS, HIC EQ-Bank 097

Outline how the sociocultural model of health addresses the limitations of the biomedical model in promoting the health of diverse Australian communities.   (3 marks)

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Answers could include three of the following:

  • The sociocultural model addresses broader influences on health including social, cultural, environmental, and economic factors, moving beyond the biomedical model’s focus on disease and treatment alone.
  • It recognises that despite an individual’s intentions to make positive lifestyle choices, structural and environmental barriers may limit their ability to make sustainable health changes.
  • This approach emphasises community involvement. By identifying health issues and developing solutions, it empowers communities through local knowledge rather than imposing more rigid biomedical diagnoses and solutions.
  • The sociocultural model is more cost-effective as it focuses on prevention through education, improved access to services, and reducing social inequities before illnesses develop.
Show Worked Solution

Answers could include three of the following:

  • The sociocultural model addresses broader influences on health including social, cultural, environmental, and economic factors, moving beyond the biomedical model’s focus on disease and treatment alone.
  • It recognises that despite an individual’s intentions to make positive lifestyle choices, structural and environmental barriers may limit their ability to make sustainable health changes.
  • This approach emphasises community involvement. By identifying health issues and developing solutions, it empowers communities through local knowledge rather than imposing more rigid biomedical diagnoses and solutions.
  • The sociocultural model is more cost-effective as it focuses on prevention through education, improved access to services, and reducing social inequities before illnesses develop.

HMS, HIC EQ-Bank 074 MC

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Australian Government established an Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Advisory Group.

This initiative best reflects which model of health?

  1. Biomedical model
  2. Ecological model
  3. Sociocultural model
  4. Salutogenic model
Show Answers Only

\(C\)

Show Worked Solution
  • C is correct as the sociocultural model addresses broader social and cultural influences on health, recognising the unique cultural contexts of Indigenous communities during the pandemic.

Other options:

  • A is incorrect because the biomedical model would focus primarily on medical treatment and the physical aspects of COVID-19.
  • B is incorrect as while the ecological model considers multiple levels of influence, this initiative specifically centred on cultural responsiveness rather than ecological factors.
  • D is incorrect since the salutogenic model focuses on maintaining wellness despite illness rather than cultural appropriateness of health responses.

HMS, HIC EQ-Bank 071 MC

Which approach to health is best reflected in the statement: "Health is not merely the absence of disease, but a state of complete physical, mental, and social wellbeing"?

  1. Biomedical model
  2. Salutogenic model
  3. Ecological model
  4. Sociocultural model
Show Answers Only

\(D\)

Show Worked Solution
  • D is correct as the sociocultural model recognises health as influenced by broader social, cultural, environmental, and economic factors rather than just focusing on disease and injury.

Other options:

  • A is incorrect because the biomedical model focuses primarily on physical aspects of disease.
  • B is incorrect as the salutogenic model emphasises factors maintaining wellbeing despite illness.
  • C is incorrect since the ecological model examines interactions between individual and social determinants.