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HMS, BM EQ-Bank 110

Explain how the circulatory and respiratory systems support a 400 metre sprint.   (4 marks)

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Sample Answer

  • Rapid breathing increases from 12 to 40 breaths per minute at sprint start.
  • This causes more oxygen to enter alveoli for gas exchange.
  • As a result, oxygen-rich blood becomes available for circulation.
  • This enables the heart to pump oxygenated blood to working muscles.
  • Heart rate increases to 180+ bpm because muscles demand more oxygen.
  • This triggers blood vessel dilation in active leg muscles.
  • Consequently, up to 80% of blood flow redirects to working muscles.
  • These combined changes therefore deliver the oxygen needed for sprint energy production.
Show Worked Solution

Sample Answer

  • Rapid breathing increases from 12 to 40 breaths per minute at sprint start.
  • This causes more oxygen to enter alveoli for gas exchange.
  • As a result, oxygen-rich blood becomes available for circulation.
  • This enables the heart to pump oxygenated blood to working muscles.
  • Heart rate increases to 180+ bpm because muscles demand more oxygen.
  • This triggers blood vessel dilation in active leg muscles.
  • Consequently, up to 80% of blood flow redirects to working muscles.
  • These combined changes therefore deliver the oxygen needed for sprint energy production.

Filed Under: Body systems working together Tagged With: Band 3, smc-5526-20-Respiratory/circulatory

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