Outline the joint actions that occur at the knee and ankle when performing a squat. (3 marks)
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Downward phase:
- The knee joint undergoes flexion as the femur-tibia angle decreases.
- Simultaneously, the ankle performs dorsiflexion with the foot tilting upward toward the shin.
Upward phase:
- The knee extends, increasing the joint angle to straighten the leg.
- The ankle undergoes plantarflexion to push through the foot.
Joint actions:
- These coordinated joint actions enable controlled body lowering and raising throughout the squat movement.
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Sample Answer
Downward phase:
- The knee joint undergoes flexion as the femur-tibia angle decreases.
- Simultaneously, the ankle performs dorsiflexion with the foot tilting upward toward the shin.
Upward phase:
- The knee extends, increasing the joint angle to straighten the leg.
- The ankle undergoes plantarflexion to push through the foot.
Joint actions:
- These coordinated joint actions enable controlled body lowering and raising throughout the squat movement.