Name THREE major muscles of the upper body and outline their primary functions. (3 marks)
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Sample Answer
Deltoid:
- Located covering the shoulder joint, this muscle primarily abducts the arm (raises it laterally).
- Also assists with flexion and extension depending on which portion contracts.
Pectoralis major:
- Large chest muscle responsible for horizontal adduction of the arm (bringing arms together).
- Also performs internal rotation and assists with arm flexion.
Latissimus dorsi:
- Broad back muscle that extends, adducts and internally rotates the arm at the shoulder joint.
- Essential for pulling movements.
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Sample Answer
Deltoid:
- Located covering the shoulder joint, this muscle primarily abducts the arm (raises it laterally).
- Also assists with flexion and extension depending on which portion contracts.
Pectoralis major:
- Large chest muscle responsible for horizontal adduction of the arm (bringing arms together).
- Also performs internal rotation and assists with arm flexion.
Latissimus dorsi:
- Broad back muscle that extends, adducts and internally rotates the arm at the shoulder joint.
- Essential for pulling movements.