HMS, BM EQ-Bank 342

Describe how cardiac output changes during a moderate aerobic training session and explain its relationship to oxygen delivery to muscles. (4 marks)

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Sample Answer

Cardiac output increases immediately at the onset of aerobic training from approximately 5 L/min at rest
This increase is due to a rise in both heart rate and stroke volume
Heart rate increases from resting rate of about 70 bpm to 120-150 bpm during moderate exercise
Stroke volume increases from approximately 70 mL at rest to 100-120 mL during exercise
The increased cardiac output allows for greater oxygen delivery to working muscles
This supports the aerobic energy system to produce ATP required for continued muscle contractions

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Sample Answer

Cardiac output increases immediately at the onset of aerobic training from approximately 5 L/min at rest
This increase is due to a rise in both heart rate and stroke volume
Heart rate increases from resting rate of about 70 bpm to 120-150 bpm during moderate exercise
Stroke volume increases from approximately 70 mL at rest to 100-120 mL during exercise
The increased cardiac output allows for greater oxygen delivery to working muscles
This supports the aerobic energy system to produce ATP required for continued muscle contractions