Compare the 'Time' component of the FITT principle for glycolytic and aerobic training methods. In your answer, explain how the 'Time' factors affect physiological adaptations. (5 marks)
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Sample Answer
Duration characteristics:
- Glycolytic training involves work intervals of 30-90 seconds with work-to-rest ratios of 1:3 or 1:2
- Aerobic training involves continuous activity for 20-60 minutes or longer with no rest intervals
Energy system development:
- Glycolytic intervals create lactic acid buildup, improving the body’s buffering capacity and anaerobic threshold
- Aerobic duration improves cardiac output, stroke volume, and mitochondrial density
Training examples:
- Example: 400 m runners might perform 8 × 200 m runs with 1-minute rest periods
- Example: Long-distance runners might perform continuous 60-minute runs
Muscular adaptations:
- Glycolytic training’s shorter, intense intervals primarily develop fast-twitch muscle fibres
- Aerobic training’s longer duration primarily develops slow-twitch muscle fibres and capillary density
Performance outcomes:
- The different time components create specific adaptations to meet the energy demands of different sports
Show Worked Solution
Sample Answer
Duration characteristics:
- Glycolytic training involves work intervals of 30-90 seconds with work-to-rest ratios of 1:3 or 1:2
- Aerobic training involves continuous activity for 20-60 minutes or longer with no rest intervals
Energy system development:
- Glycolytic intervals create lactic acid buildup, improving the body’s buffering capacity and anaerobic threshold
- Aerobic duration improves cardiac output, stroke volume, and mitochondrial density
Training examples:
- Example: 400 m runners might perform 8 × 200 m runs with 1-minute rest periods
- Example: Long-distance runners might perform continuous 60-minute runs
Muscular adaptations:
- Glycolytic training’s shorter, intense intervals primarily develop fast-twitch muscle fibres
- Aerobic training’s longer duration primarily develops slow-twitch muscle fibres and capillary density
Performance outcomes:
- The different time components create specific adaptations to meet the energy demands of different sports