HMS, HIC EQ-Bank 008

Explain how epidemiologists use both incidence and prevalence data when monitoring a chronic disease such as diabetes in Australia. (4 marks)

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*PEEL – Solution is structured using an adjusted PEEL method to show cause and effect: [P] State the cause/factor [E] Show how it causes the effect [Ev] Evidence demonstrating why/how [L] Reinforce the causal relationship.

[P] Epidemiologists collect incidence data to track new diabetes cases.
[E] This leads to identifying emerging patterns and at-risk groups.
[Ev] This occurs because incidence shows how many people develop diabetes each year, revealing if rates are increasing in specific populations like young adults.
[L] This relationship results in targeted prevention programs for high-risk groups.
[P] Prevalence data provides total diabetes numbers.
[E] This causes accurate healthcare planning and resource allocation.
[Ev] The reason for this is prevalence shows everyone currently living with diabetes, enabling calculation of insulin supplies and specialist services needed .
[L] This demonstrates why prevalence directly influences healthcare budget decisions.
[P] Combining both data types creates comprehensive monitoring.
[E] This enables evaluation of intervention effectiveness.
[Ev] This works by comparing whether prevention programs reduce new cases (incidence) while managing existing cases (prevalence).
[L] These elements work together to show if Australia’s diabetes strategies succeed.

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[P] Epidemiologists collect incidence data to track new diabetes cases.
[E] This leads to identifying emerging patterns and at-risk groups.
[Ev] This occurs because incidence shows how many people develop diabetes each year, revealing if rates are increasing in specific populations like young adults.
[L] This relationship results in targeted prevention programs for high-risk groups.
[P] Prevalence data provides total diabetes numbers.
[E] This causes accurate healthcare planning and resource allocation.
[Ev] The reason for this is prevalence shows everyone currently living with diabetes, enabling calculation of insulin supplies and specialist services needed .
[L] This demonstrates why prevalence directly influences healthcare budget decisions.
[P] Combining both data types creates comprehensive monitoring.
[E] This enables evaluation of intervention effectiveness.
[Ev] This works by comparing whether prevention programs reduce new cases (incidence) while managing existing cases (prevalence).
[L] These elements work together to show if Australia’s diabetes strategies succeed.