Discuss the effects of TWO supplements used by athletes to alter their performance. (5 marks)
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*PEEL – Structure solution using separate PEEL methods for each side of the argument; [P] Identify the point, [E] expand on the point with a link to question asked, [Ev] apply evidence/examples, [L] linking sentence back to question.
Any TWO of the following
Caffeine
- [P] Caffeine enhances performance through central nervous system stimulation.
- [E] This stimulant blocks adenosine receptors, creating improved alertness and concentration.
- [Ev] Tennis players benefit from enhanced mental focus and reduced effort perception. [
- L] However, excessive caffeine can cause anxiety and impaired fine motor control, harming precision sports like archery.
Creatine
- [P] Creatine improves explosive power through enhanced energy system capacity.
- [E] This supplement increases phosphocreatine stores in muscles.
- [Ev] Sprinters benefit from increased strength output and faster recovery between efforts.
- [L] Conversely, creatine may cause water retention and gastrointestinal discomfort if hydration is inadequate.
Protein
- [P] Protein supplements provide amino acids for muscle repair and growth.
- [E] These supplements support recovery by delivering essential building blocks.
- [Ev] Strength athletes benefit from enhanced recovery when protein is timed around training.
- [L] However, excessive protein offers no additional benefits while potentially stressing kidney function.
Vitamin/Mineral Supplements
- [P] Vitamin/mineral supplements address deficiencies limiting performance.
- [E] These micronutrients support essential physiological processes.
- [Ev] Iron supplements benefit endurance athletes with low ferritin by improving oxygen transport.
- [L] However, excessive fat-soluble vitamins can reach toxic levels, harming health and performance.
Show Worked Solution
*PEEL – Structure solution using separate PEEL methods for each side of the argument; [P] Identify the point, [E] expand on the point with a link to question asked, [Ev] apply evidence/examples, [L] linking sentence back to question.
Any TWO of the following
Caffeine
- [P] Caffeine enhances performance through central nervous system stimulation.
- [E] This stimulant blocks adenosine receptors, creating improved alertness and concentration.
- [Ev] Tennis players benefit from enhanced mental focus and reduced effort perception. [
- L] However, excessive caffeine can cause anxiety and impaired fine motor control, harming precision sports like archery.
Creatine
- [P] Creatine improves explosive power through enhanced energy system capacity.
- [E] This supplement increases phosphocreatine stores in muscles.
- [Ev] Sprinters benefit from increased strength output and faster recovery between efforts.
- [L] Conversely, creatine may cause water retention and gastrointestinal discomfort if hydration is inadequate.
Protein
- [P] Protein supplements provide amino acids for muscle repair and growth.
- [E] These supplements support recovery by delivering essential building blocks.
- [Ev] Strength athletes benefit from enhanced recovery when protein is timed around training.
- [L] However, excessive protein offers no additional benefits while potentially stressing kidney function.
Vitamin/Mineral Supplements
- [P] Vitamin/mineral supplements address deficiencies limiting performance.
- [E] These micronutrients support essential physiological processes.
- [Ev] Iron supplements benefit endurance athletes with low ferritin by improving oxygen transport.
- [L] However, excessive fat-soluble vitamins can reach toxic levels, harming health and performance.