Evaluate how the structural differences between the hip joint and shoulder joint reflect their contrasting functional requirements in human movement. (3 marks)
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Sample Answer
- While both are ball and socket joints, their structural differences reflect their specialised roles.
- The hip joint prioritises stability with a deeper socket (acetabulum) and strong ligamentous support to bear body weight and maintain upright posture.
- In contrast, the shoulder’s shallower glenoid cavity and more flexible capsule enables greater mobility for reaching and manipulation tasks, though this comes at the cost of reduced stability.
- These structural adaptations demonstrate how joint architecture is optimised for function, with the hip favoring stability for weight-bearing and the shoulder prioritising mobility for upper limb movements.
Show Worked Solution
Sample Answer
- While both are ball and socket joints, their structural differences reflect their specialised roles.
- The hip joint prioritises stability with a deeper socket (acetabulum) and strong ligamentous support to bear body weight and maintain upright posture.
- In contrast, the shoulder’s shallower glenoid cavity and more flexible capsule enables greater mobility for reaching and manipulation tasks, though this comes at the cost of reduced stability.
- These structural adaptations demonstrate how joint architecture is optimised for function, with the hip favoring stability for weight-bearing and the shoulder prioritising mobility for upper limb movements.