Summarise the key principles of Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection. (3 marks)
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→ Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection proposes that species change over time through a process of natural selection acting on inherited variations within populations.
→ He observed that individuals in a population vary in their traits, some of which are heritable, and that more offspring are produced than can survive given limited resources.
→ Darwin concluded that individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing these beneficial traits to their offspring.
→ Over many generations, this process leads to changes in the frequency of traits within a population, potentially resulting in the evolution of new species adapted to their environments.
→ Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection proposes that species change over time through a process of natural selection acting on inherited variations within populations.
→ He observed that individuals in a population vary in their traits, some of which are heritable, and that more offspring are produced than can survive given limited resources.
→ Darwin concluded that individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing these beneficial traits to their offspring.
→ Over many generations, this process leads to changes in the frequency of traits within a population, potentially resulting in the evolution of new species adapted to their environments.