Explain how the respiratory and circulatory systems respond to movement and describe appropriate first aid responses when these systems show signs of stress. (5 marks)
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- The respiratory system responds to movement through increased oxygen demand. This occurs because working muscles require more oxygen for energy production. As a result, breathing rate and depth increase to supply adequate oxygen and remove carbon dioxide.
- The circulatory system responds by increasing heart rate and stroke volume. This leads to greater cardiac output, which enables faster oxygen delivery to muscles. Consequently, blood flow is redirected from non-essential organs to working muscles.
- This demonstrates how both systems work together during movement. The interaction allows efficient oxygen delivery and waste removal. This relationship results in sustained energy production for continued movement.
- Signs of respiratory stress include abnormal breathing patterns, wheezing or gasping. This happens when oxygen demand exceeds supply. Therefore, first aid requires immediately stopping activity, sitting the person upright, and encouraging controlled breathing.
- Circulatory stress presents as irregular pulse, chest pain or dizziness. This triggers the need for immediate intervention. The appropriate response involves lying the person down with elevated legs, monitoring vital signs, and implementing the STOP protocol if symptoms persist.
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Sample Answer
- The respiratory system responds to movement through increased oxygen demand. This occurs because working muscles require more oxygen for energy production. As a result, breathing rate and depth increase to supply adequate oxygen and remove carbon dioxide.
- The circulatory system responds by increasing heart rate and stroke volume. This leads to greater cardiac output, which enables faster oxygen delivery to muscles. Consequently, blood flow is redirected from non-essential organs to working muscles.
- This demonstrates how both systems work together during movement. The interaction allows efficient oxygen delivery and waste removal. This relationship results in sustained energy production for continued movement.
- Signs of respiratory stress include abnormal breathing patterns, wheezing or gasping. This happens when oxygen demand exceeds supply. Therefore, first aid requires immediately stopping activity, sitting the person upright, and encouraging controlled breathing.
- Circulatory stress presents as irregular pulse, chest pain or dizziness. This triggers the need for immediate intervention. The appropriate response involves lying the person down with elevated legs, monitoring vital signs, and implementing the STOP protocol if symptoms persist.