Explain how health inequities can result from differences in health behaviours across population groups in Australia. (5 marks)
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Rural vs city populations
- Higher tobacco use in remote areas compared to major cities causes increased rates of respiratory diseases and cancers in rural populations, creating a geographic health inequity.
- This occurs because smoking and its significant health dangers are concentrated in these communities, leading to an increased disease burden.
English speaking vs Non-English speaking populations
- Lower physical activity participation among people from non-English speaking backgrounds versus Australian-born residents causes higher cardiovascular disease rates in culturally diverse communities.
- This inequity develops because reduced fitness levels lead to poorer health outcomes, including an increase in heart and respiratory issues.
Higher vs lower socioeconomic populations
- Similarly, inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption in lower socioeconomic areas versus higher areas, causes nutritional inequities that result in increased chronic disease.
- This occurs because nutrients aren’t high in diets, allowing preventable diseases to develop unchecked.
- These behaviour-related health outcomes create persistent inequities that are systematically reinforced through social determinants.
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Rural vs city populations
- Higher tobacco use in remote areas compared to major cities causes increased rates of respiratory diseases and cancers in rural populations, creating a geographic health inequity.
- This occurs because smoking and its significant health dangers are concentrated in these communities, leading to an increased disease burden.
English speaking vs Non-English speaking populations
- Lower physical activity participation among people from non-English speaking backgrounds versus Australian-born residents causes higher cardiovascular disease rates in culturally diverse communities.
- This inequity develops because reduced fitness levels lead to poorer health outcomes, including an increase in heart and respiratory issues.
Higher vs lower socioeconomic populations
- Similarly, inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption in lower socioeconomic areas versus higher areas, causes nutritional inequities that result in increased chronic disease.
- This occurs because nutrients aren’t high in diets, allowing preventable diseases to develop unchecked.
- These behaviour-related health outcomes create persistent inequities that are systematically reinforced through social determinants.