Explain how immediate cardiac responses differ between resistance training and endurance training. (6 marks)
--- 15 WORK AREA LINES (style=lined) ---
Show Answers Only
Sample Answer
Heart rate response:
- Endurance training
- Heart rate increases and maintains a steady elevated level for extended periods
- Resistance training
- Heart rate spikes during each set then partially recovers during rest periods between sets.
Stroke volume changes:
- Endurance training
- Sustained increase in stroke volume throughout the session
- Resistance training
- Temporary increases in stroke volume during lifting phases with returns toward normal during rest periods.
Blood pressure:
- Resistance training causes greater increases in blood pressure than endurance training, especially during lifting phases when muscles contract forcefully and compress blood vessels.
Cardiac output patterns:
- Resistance training
- Produces varying cardiac output with peaks during lifting and lower values during rest intervals.
- Endurance training
- Maintains elevated cardiac output consistently throughout the session
Venous return:
- Resistance training
- May temporarily restrict blood flow during intense muscle contractions.
- Endurance training
- Promotes continuous venous return through rhythmic muscle contractions
Recovery between efforts:
- Resistance training
- Allows partial cardiac recovery between sets as heart rate and blood pressure decrease during rest intervals.
- Endurance training
- Requires continuous cardiac work with minimal recovery
Show Worked Solution
Sample Answer
Heart rate response:
- Endurance training
- Heart rate increases and maintains a steady elevated level for extended periods
- Resistance training
- Heart rate spikes during each set then partially recovers during rest periods between sets.
Stroke volume changes:
- Endurance training
- Sustained increase in stroke volume throughout the session
- Resistance training
- Temporary increases in stroke volume during lifting phases with returns toward normal during rest periods.
Blood pressure:
- Resistance training causes greater increases in blood pressure than endurance training, especially during lifting phases when muscles contract forcefully and compress blood vessels.
Cardiac output patterns:
- Resistance training
- Produces varying cardiac output with peaks during lifting and lower values during rest intervals.
- Endurance training
- Maintains elevated cardiac output consistently throughout the session
Venous return:
- Resistance training
- May temporarily restrict blood flow during intense muscle contractions.
- Endurance training
- Promotes continuous venous return through rhythmic muscle contractions
Recovery between efforts:
- Resistance training
- Allows partial cardiac recovery between sets as heart rate and blood pressure decrease during rest intervals.
- Endurance training
- Requires continuous cardiac work with minimal recovery