Analyse how both intrinsic and extrinsic motivational factors can be effectively applied to enhance participation at different stages of an athlete's development. Use examples in your response. (8 marks)
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Sample Answer
- For young beginners, extrinsic motivation through small tangible rewards like certificates or badges provides immediate reinforcement that initiates participation
- For example, junior swim programs where achievements are visibly recognised.
- As skills develop, gradual introduction of intrinsic motivational elements through emphasising the joy of movement and skill mastery helps children transition from purely external rewards.
- For example, youth coaches who celebrate technical improvements rather than just competitive outcomes.
- Adolescent athletes benefit from balanced motivational approaches where external recognition acknowledges their heightened social awareness while fostering internal satisfaction.
- For example, team sports where both individual improvement and team success are valued.
- Intrinsic motivation becomes increasingly important during performance plateaus, when external rewards may diminish as progress slows, requiring athletes to find satisfaction in the process of refinement.
- For example, gymnasts working extensively on subtle technical improvements.
- Elite athletes often demonstrate high intrinsic motivation through autonomous training habits and perseverance, yet still benefit from strategic external motivators.
- For example, career milestones or financial incentives that align with their internal values.
- The timing of extrinsic rewards significantly impacts their effectiveness, with unexpected recognition having less detrimental effect on intrinsic motivation than anticipated rewards.
- For example, studies where surprise acknowledgment enhanced rather than undermined internal drive.
- Creating motivational environments that support competence, autonomy and relatedness facilitates internalisation of initially extrinsic motives, transforming external regulations into identified or integrated regulations.
- For example, professional development programs that gradually shift focus from outcomes to process.
- Long-term sport participation is ultimately best sustained by intrinsic motivation, with successful athletes often citing love of their sport as their primary driver, while those motivated predominantly by external factors typically experience earlier burnout or retirement.
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Sample Answer
- For young beginners, extrinsic motivation through small tangible rewards like certificates or badges provides immediate reinforcement that initiates participation
- For example, junior swim programs where achievements are visibly recognised.
- As skills develop, gradual introduction of intrinsic motivational elements through emphasising the joy of movement and skill mastery helps children transition from purely external rewards.
- For example, youth coaches who celebrate technical improvements rather than just competitive outcomes.
- Adolescent athletes benefit from balanced motivational approaches where external recognition acknowledges their heightened social awareness while fostering internal satisfaction.
- For example, team sports where both individual improvement and team success are valued.
- Intrinsic motivation becomes increasingly important during performance plateaus, when external rewards may diminish as progress slows, requiring athletes to find satisfaction in the process of refinement.
- For example, gymnasts working extensively on subtle technical improvements.
- Elite athletes often demonstrate high intrinsic motivation through autonomous training habits and perseverance, yet still benefit from strategic external motivators.
- For example, career milestones or financial incentives that align with their internal values.
- The timing of extrinsic rewards significantly impacts their effectiveness, with unexpected recognition having less detrimental effect on intrinsic motivation than anticipated rewards.
- For example, studies where surprise acknowledgment enhanced rather than undermined internal drive.
- Creating motivational environments that support competence, autonomy and relatedness facilitates internalisation of initially extrinsic motives, transforming external regulations into identified or integrated regulations.
- For example, professional development programs that gradually shift focus from outcomes to process.
- Long-term sport participation is ultimately best sustained by intrinsic motivation, with successful athletes often citing love of their sport as their primary driver, while those motivated predominantly by external factors typically experience earlier burnout or retirement.