Using the substitution    evaluate  .  (3 marks)

Using the substitution  , or otherwise, evaluate

.  (3 marks)

Use the substitution    to show that

  (3 marks)

Using the substitution  , or otherwise, evaluate  .   (4 marks)

Using the substitution  , or otherwise, find  .   (3 marks)

Using the substitution  , or otherwise, evaluate

  (4 marks)