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BIOLOGY, M2 EQ-Bank 2

Compare and contrast the structure and function of a unicellular organism with a specialised cell from a multicellular organism.

In your answer, provide an example of each and discuss how the structures of each cell type relate to their functions.   (3 marks)

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  • A yeast cell is a unicellular organism that has all the structures it needs within a single cell to perform all life functions, including a nucleus for storing genetic information, and organelles like mitochondria for energy production.
  • In contrast, a neuron in a multicellular organism is highly specialised, with branch-like dendrites for receiving signals, and a long axon for sending electrical messages.
  • The yeast cell’s structures allow it to live independently, carrying out all necessary life processes on its own.
  • The neuron’s specialized structure, however, shows how cells in multicellular organisms can have specific jobs, allowing the whole organism to perform more complex functions by dividing tasks among different cell types.
Show Worked Solution
  • A yeast cell is a unicellular organism that has all the structures it needs within a single cell to perform all life functions, including a nucleus for storing genetic information, and organelles like mitochondria for energy production.
  • In contrast, a neuron in a multicellular organism is highly specialised, with branch-like dendrites for receiving signals, and a long axon for sending electrical messages.
  • The yeast cell’s structures allow it to live independently, carrying out all necessary life processes on its own.
  • The neuron’s specialized structure, however, shows how cells in multicellular organisms can have specific jobs, allowing the whole organism to perform more complex functions by dividing tasks among different cell types.

BIOLOGY, M2 EQ-Bank 4 MC

Which of the following statements correctly compares unicellular and multicellular organisms?

  1. Unicellular organisms have specialised cells, while multicellular organisms do not.
  2. Multicellular organisms have a nucleus, while unicellular organisms do not.
  3. Unicellular organisms perform all life functions within a single cell, while multicellular organisms have specialised cells for different functions.
  4. Multicellular organisms are always larger than unicellular organisms.
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\(C\)

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  • Unicellular organisms perform all life functions within a single cell.
  • Multicellular organisms have specialiSed cells that perform specific functions, allowing for a division of labor within the organism.

\(\Rightarrow C\)

BIOLOGY, M2 EQ-Bank 1 MC

Which of the following best distinguishes a unicellular organism from a colonial organism?

  1. A unicellular organism is made up of multiple cells, while a colonial organism is a single cell.
  2. A unicellular organism can survive independently, while a colonial organism involves many specialised cells that must live as a group to survive.
  3. Unicellular organisms rely on other cells to perform essential functions, while colonial organisms do not.
  4. Unicellular organisms consist of one cell that performs all life functions, while colonial organisms are groups of identical cells that function together but can survive independently.
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\(D\)

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  • In unicellular organisms, a single cell carries out all necessary life processes.
  • Colonial organisms consist of individual cells that are physically connected or grouped, but each cell can perform essential functions independently, allowing survival even if separated from the colony.

\(\Rightarrow D\)