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HMS, HIC EQ-Bank 007

Australia's Health 2024 report states that 

"Over the last century there have been substantial decreases in child and infant mortality rates, contributing to increases in overall life expectancy. For example, death rates for children under 5 declined by 97% between 1907 and 2022."

Outline how the decrease in infant mortality rates in Australia over the past century has contributed to increased life expectancy.   (2 marks)

Show Answers Only
  • The significant decrease in infant mortality rates in Australia has contributed to increased life expectancy by reducing deaths in the early years of life.
  • As more children survive past their first year, the average life expectancy of the population increases because fewer lives are being cut short in infancy.
Show Worked Solution
  • The significant decrease in infant mortality rates in Australia has contributed to increased life expectancy by reducing deaths in the early years of life.
  • As more children survive past their first year, the average life expectancy of the population increases because fewer lives are being cut short in infancy.

HMS, HIC EQ-Bank 008 MC

When examining infant mortality as a health indicator, which of the following statements is most accurate?

  1. It measures deaths of all children under 18 years per 1,000 population.
  2. It measures deaths among children aged under one year per 1,000 live births.
  3. It only accounts for deaths occurring during birth, not those occurring after hospital discharge.
  4. It is typically calculated as a percentage of all deaths in a country.
Show Answers Only

\(B\)

Show Worked Solution
  • B is correct. Infant mortality measures deaths among children aged under one year per 1,000 live births.

Other options:

  • Option A is incorrect as it refers to all children under 18, not just infants.
  • Option C is incorrect as infant mortality includes all deaths under 1 year, not just those during birth.
  • Option D is incorrect as infant mortality is calculated per 1,000 live births, not as a percentage of all deaths.

HMS, HIC 2022 HSC 3 MC

Which row in the table shows the current infant mortality and life expectancy trends in Australia?

\begin{align*}
\begin{array}{l}
\rule{0pt}{2.5ex} \ \rule[-1ex]{0pt}{0pt}& \\
\rule{0pt}{2.5ex}\quad\textbf{A.}\rule[-1ex]{0pt}{0pt}\\
\rule{0pt}{2.5ex}\quad\textbf{B.}\rule[-1ex]{0pt}{0pt}\\
\rule{0pt}{2.5ex}\quad\textbf{C.}\rule[-1ex]{0pt}{0pt}\\
\rule{0pt}{2.5ex}\quad\textbf{D.}\rule[-1ex]{0pt}{0pt}\\
\end{array}
\begin{array}{|c|c|}
\hline
\rule{0pt}{2.5ex}\textit{Infant Mortality}\rule[-1ex]{0pt}{0pt}& \textit{Life Expectancy} \\
\hline
\rule{0pt}{2.5ex}\text{Decreasing}\rule[-1ex]{0pt}{0pt}&\text{Increasing}\\
\hline
\rule{0pt}{2.5ex}\text{Decreasing}\rule[-1ex]{0pt}{0pt}& \text{Decreasing}\\
\hline
\rule{0pt}{2.5ex}\text{Increasing}\rule[-1ex]{0pt}{0pt}& \text{Stable} \\
\hline
\rule{0pt}{2.5ex}\text{Stable}\rule[-1ex]{0pt}{0pt}& \text{Increasing} \\
\hline
\end{array}
\end{align*}

 

Show Answers Only

\( A\)

Show Worked Solution

  • A is correct: Australia shows decreasing infant mortality rates and increasing life expectancy trends.

Other Options:

  • B is incorrect: Life expectancy continues to increase in Australia.
  • C is incorrect: Infant mortality is decreasing, not increasing.
  • D is incorrect: Infant mortality is decreasing, not stable.