smc-5803-20-Family

Identify two key sociocultural determinants and explain how they influence health behaviours and outcomes during adolescence, providing both positive and negative examples. (5 marks)

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Answers could include two of the following:

Family Influence

[P] Parents modelling healthy behaviours can help shape adolescent lifestyle choices.
[E] This leads to teenagers developing similar exercise and eating patterns.
[Ev] Active parents produce children 50% more likely to participate in regular sports.
[L] This shows a clear connection between parental role-modelling and teen health habits.
[P] Family dysfunction and conflict cause poor coping mechanisms.
[E] This results in adolescents potentially developing harmful stress responses.
[Ev] Teens witnessing domestic violence show triple the rates of smoking and substance use.
[L] This demonstrates how family stress directly impacts adolescent health behaviours.

Peer Influence

[P] Positive peer groups encourage healthy activities and choices.
[E] This causes increased physical activity and better social connections.
[Ev] Teens with sporty friends exercise 60% more through team sports participation.
[L] These elements work together to reinforce sustainable healthy behaviours.
[P] Negative peer pressure promotes dangerous risk-taking behaviours.
[E] This increases the chances of substance experimentation for social acceptance.
[Ev] Party culture normalises binge drinking, with 70% initially trying alcohol due to peer pressure.
[L] This relationship results in social acceptance overriding health knowledge.

Religion

[P] Religious communities provide strong support networks.
[E] This causes improved mental wellbeing through belonging.
[Ev] Church youth groups reduce adolescent depression rates by 40% through meaningful connections.
[L] Spiritual communities enhance resilience during challenging developmental periods.
[P] Religious restrictions can limit healthcare access.
[E] This results in delayed treatment or untreated conditions.
[Ev] Some faiths prohibit blood transfusions, contraception or mental health medication.
[L] In this way, religious beliefs can occasionally compromise optimal health outcomes.

Show Worked Solution

Answers could include two of the following:

Family Influence

[P] Parents modelling healthy behaviours can help shape adolescent lifestyle choices.
[E] This leads to teenagers developing similar exercise and eating patterns.
[Ev] Active parents produce children 50% more likely to participate in regular sports.
[L] This shows a clear connection between parental role-modelling and teen health habits.
[P] Family dysfunction and conflict cause poor coping mechanisms.
[E] This results in adolescents potentially developing harmful stress responses.
[Ev] Teens witnessing domestic violence show triple the rates of smoking and substance use.
[L] This demonstrates how family stress directly impacts adolescent health behaviours.

Peer Influence

[P] Positive peer groups encourage healthy activities and choices.
[E] This causes increased physical activity and better social connections.
[Ev] Teens with sporty friends exercise 60% more through team sports participation.
[L] These elements work together to reinforce sustainable healthy behaviours.
[P] Negative peer pressure promotes dangerous risk-taking behaviours.
[E] This increases the chances of substance experimentation for social acceptance.
[Ev] Party culture normalises binge drinking, with 70% initially trying alcohol due to peer pressure.
[L] This relationship results in social acceptance overriding health knowledge.

Religion

[P] Religious communities provide strong support networks.
[E] This causes improved mental wellbeing through belonging.
[Ev] Church youth groups reduce adolescent depression rates by 40% through meaningful connections.
[L] Spiritual communities enhance resilience during challenging developmental periods.
[P] Religious restrictions can limit healthcare access.
[E] This results in delayed treatment or untreated conditions.
[Ev] Some faiths prohibit blood transfusions, contraception or mental health medication.
[L] In this way, religious beliefs can occasionally compromise optimal health outcomes.