An epidemiological study was conducted to help model how many people will be affected by Type 2 diabetes globally in the future. Continuous data were collected from 1990 to 2020. From that data, the following data points were chosen to demonstrate the trend. \begin{array} {|c|c|} A prediction of the global population numbers suggests there will be about 9 billion \((9\ 000\ 000\ 000)\) people on the planet by 2040. Predict the number of people that will be affected by diabetes in 2040. Show working on your graph on the previous page and your calculations. (3 marks) --- 3 WORK AREA LINES (style=lined) ---
\hline
\rule{0pt}{2.5ex} \textit{Year} \rule[-1ex]{0pt}{0pt} & \textit{Percentage of population affected} \\
\rule{0pt}{2.5ex} \textit{} \rule[-1ex]{0pt}{0pt} & \textit{by Type 2 diabetes (%)} \\
\hline
\rule{0pt}{2.5ex} \text{1990} \rule[-1ex]{0pt}{0pt} & \text{3.1} \\
\hline
\rule{0pt}{2.5ex} \text{2000} \rule[-1ex]{0pt}{0pt} & \text{3.7} \\
\hline
\rule{0pt}{2.5ex} \text{2010} \rule[-1ex]{0pt}{0pt} & \text{4.3} \\
\hline
\rule{0pt}{2.5ex} \text{2010} \rule[-1ex]{0pt}{0pt} & \text{5.6} \\
\hline
\end{array}
BIOLOGY, M8 2022 HSC 24
Birth defects in humans can be caused by chromosomal abnormalities.
\begin{array}{|c|c|}
\hline
\rule{0pt}{2.5ex}\quad \textit{Maternal} \quad & \textit{Prevalence of}\\
\textit{age} & \textit{chromosomal}\\
\text{(years)} & \textit{abnormalities}\\
\text{} & \rule[-1ex]{0pt}{0pt}\text{(per 1000 births)}\\
\hline \rule{0pt}{2.5ex}20 \rule[-1ex]{0pt}{0pt}& 1.5 \\
\hline \rule{0pt}{2.5ex}30 \rule[-1ex]{0pt}{0pt}& 3 \\
\hline \rule{0pt}{2.5ex}35 \rule[-1ex]{0pt}{0pt}& 8 \\
\hline \rule{0pt}{2.5ex}40 \rule[-1ex]{0pt}{0pt}& 22 \\
\hline \rule{0pt}{2.5ex}45 \rule[-1ex]{0pt}{0pt}& 38 \\
\hline
\end{array}
- Draw a suitable graph of the data provided in the table. Include a suitable line of best fit. (3 marks)
- Outline the trend shown in the data. (2 marks)
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- Explain the cause of a type of chromosomal mutation. (3 marks)
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