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HMS, HAG EQ-Bank 006

Explain how creating sustainable cities and communities can address inequality in urban environments, with particular reference to the relationship between SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities) and SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities). Provide examples to support your answer.   (5 marks)

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  • Affordable housing in well-serviced areas creates equal opportunities for all income groups. This occurs because low-income families gain access to quality schools, healthcare and jobs. Consequently, economic segregation decreases. For instance, when mixed-income developments are built, all residents share the same infrastructure.
  • Public transport systems directly link disadvantaged communities to employment centres. This works by removing the financial barrier of car ownership. As a result, people from all backgrounds can reach job opportunities. This demonstrates why efficient metro networks reduce inequality between suburbs and city centres.
  • Inclusive public spaces such as parks give free recreation for all residents. This creates social cohesion and breaks down class barriers. The underlying reason is shared spaces encourage community connection and improve health.
  • Safe pedestrian infrastructure uses universal design. This demonstrates why cities become fairer when everyone, including people with disabilities, can move independently.
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  • Affordable housing in well-serviced areas creates equal opportunities for all income groups. This occurs because low-income families gain access to quality schools, healthcare and jobs. Consequently, economic segregation decreases. For instance, when mixed-income developments are built, all residents share the same infrastructure.
  • Public transport systems directly link disadvantaged communities to employment centres. This works by removing the financial barrier of car ownership. As a result, people from all backgrounds can reach job opportunities. This demonstrates why efficient metro networks reduce inequality between suburbs and city centres.
  • Inclusive public spaces such as parks give free recreation for all residents. This creates social cohesion and breaks down class barriers. The underlying reason is shared spaces encourage community connection and improve health.
  • Safe pedestrian infrastructure uses universal design. This demonstrates why cities become fairer when everyone, including people with disabilities, can move independently.

HMS, HAG EQ-Bank 004

Outline how achieving SDG 3 (Good Health and Wellbeing) supports progress toward SDG 4 (Quality Education).   (3 marks)

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  • Healthy children have better school attendance rates as they experience fewer illnesses, allowing consistent participation in learning activities.
  • Good nutrition and healthcare improve cognitive development and concentration, enabling students to engage more effectively in class.
  • Mental health support reduces anxiety and stress, creating better conditions for learning and academic achievement.
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  • Healthy children have better school attendance rates as they experience fewer illnesses, allowing consistent participation in learning activities.
  • Good nutrition and healthcare improve cognitive development and concentration, enabling students to engage more effectively in class.
  • Mental health support reduces anxiety and stress, creating better conditions for learning and academic achievement.

HMS, HAG EQ-Bank 003

Describe ways in which SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities) supports improved health for diverse Australian communities.   (4 marks)

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  • SDG 10 promotes inclusive policies that ensure equitable access to healthcare services for marginalised groups including ATSI peoples and other diverse populations.
  • Reducing economic inequalities enables disadvantaged Australians to afford nutritious food, safe housing, and preventive healthcare, directly improving health outcomes.
  • Addressing social inequalities removes systemic barriers in healthcare delivery, ensuring all Australians receive culturally appropriate and timely medical treatment.
  • Political inclusion empowers diverse communities to advocate for health services that meet their specific needs.
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  • SDG 10 promotes inclusive policies that ensure equitable access to healthcare services (SDG 3) for marginalised groups including ATSI peoples and other diverse populations.
  • Reducing economic inequalities enables disadvantaged Australians to afford nutritious food, safe housing, and preventive healthcare, directly improving health outcomes.
  • Addressing social inequalities removes systemic barriers in healthcare delivery, ensuring all Australians receive culturally appropriate and timely medical treatment.
  • Political inclusion empowers diverse communities to advocate for health services that meet their specific needs.

HMS, HAG EQ-Bank 002

Describe the relationship between achieving SDG 4 (Quality Education) and progress toward SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities). Include specific examples in your response.   (5 marks)

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  • Quality education (SDG 4) equips citizens with knowledge and skills needed for sustainable urban development (SDG 11), enabling them to make informed decisions about resource use and environmental protection.
  • Educated populations better understand and advocate for sustainable practices like waste reduction, public transport use, and green space preservation.
  • Education on urban planning and environmental science creates professionals who can design inclusive, resilient cities.
  • Schools teaching sustainability concepts produce environmentally conscious citizens who support eco-friendly urban policies.
  • Education improves employment opportunities, reducing urban poverty and enabling communities to invest in sustainable infrastructure and housing solutions.
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  • Quality education (SDG 4) equips citizens with knowledge and skills needed for sustainable urban development (SDG 11), enabling them to make informed decisions about resource use and environmental protection.
  • Educated populations better understand and advocate for sustainable practices like waste reduction, public transport use, and green space preservation.
  • Education on urban planning and environmental science creates professionals who can design inclusive, resilient cities.
  • Schools teaching sustainability concepts produce environmentally conscious citizens who support eco-friendly urban policies.
  • Education improves employment opportunities, reducing urban poverty and enabling communities to invest in sustainable infrastructure and housing solutions.

HMS, HAG EQ-Bank 006 MC

Which statement best explains how addressing SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities) is essential for achieving SDG 3 (Good Health and Wellbeing)?

  1. Reducing inequalities automatically improves health outcomes without requiring specific health interventions.
  2. Economic equality ensures all citizens can afford private healthcare services.
  3. Addressing systemic inequalities removes barriers that prevent marginalised groups from accessing healthcare services and achieving good health.
  4. Inequality reduction focuses primarily on income distribution, which directly funds health initiatives.
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\(C\)

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  • C is correct. SDG 10 tackles the root causes of health disparities by removing systemic barriers (social, economic, and political) that prevent vulnerable populations from accessing healthcare.

Other options:

  • A is incorrect – Reducing inequalities creates conditions for better health but specific health interventions are still needed.
  • B is incorrect – SDG 3 focuses on universal health coverage, not just private healthcare affordability.
  • D is incorrect – SDG 10 addresses multiple forms of inequality beyond income and the relationship with health is more complex than just funding.

HMS, HAG EQ-Bank 005 MC

A developing nation must prioritise limited resources. Which approach would best demonstrate understanding of the interconnected nature of SDGs 3, 4, 10 and 11?

  1. Focus exclusively on building hospitals in urban areas to maximise healthcare access.
  2. Invest in teacher training programs that include health education modules for rural communities.
  3. Create inclusive urban planning that provides equal access to schools, healthcare facilities and public transport.
  4. Implement universal healthcare coverage followed by educational and housing needs.
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\(C\)

Show Worked Solution
  • C is correct. This option clearly addresses sustainable cities, education, health and inequities (equal access).

Other options:

  • A is incorrect – This only addresses SDG 3 and ignores the interconnected nature of the goals.
  • B is incorrect – While this links SDGs 3, 4 and 10, it doesn’t address the sustainable cities/communities as directly and option C..
  • D is incorrect – This sequential approach ignores the synergistic benefits of addressing goals simultaneously.