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HMS, HIC 2016 HSC 11 MC

Members of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities are trained to deliver Quit Smoking programs.

Which action area of the Ottawa Charter is most likely being addressed?

  1. Developing personal skills
  2. Reorienting health services
  3. Building healthy public policy
  4. Strengthening community action
Show Answers Only

\(D\)

Show Worked Solution
  • D is correct: Training community members to deliver programs strengthens community-led health action.

Other Options:

  • A is incorrect: Focus is on community capacity building, not individual skills.
  • B is incorrect: Services aren’t being reoriented, community action is strengthened.
  • C is incorrect: No policy development is mentioned in this scenario.

HMS, HIC 2017 HSC 16 MC

A health promotion initiative educates doctors to refer mental health patients to a social support group.

Which area of the Ottawa Charter does this represent?

  1. Developing personal skills
  2. Reorienting health services
  3. Strengthening community action
  4. Creating supportive environments
Show Answers Only

\(B\)

Show Worked Solution
  • B is correct: Reorienting health services involves changing how healthcare providers deliver care.

Other Options:

  • A is incorrect: Developing personal skills focuses on individual education, not provider training.
  • C is incorrect: Strengthening community action involves community-led initiatives, not provider education.
  • D is incorrect: Creating supportive environments involves physical or policy changes, not service delivery.

♦♦ Mean mark 41%.

HMS, HIC 2018 HSC 21

Outline, using an example, how ‘building healthy public policy’ has been applied to the prevention of lung cancer.   (3 marks)

Show Answers Only

  • Building healthy public policy is one of the five Ottawa Charter action areas for health promotion.
  • This involves governments creating legislation and regulations that support health.
  • The action area focuses on making healthy choices easier through structural changes.
  • For example, plain packaging laws for cigarettes removed attractive branding and advertising.
  • These policies mandate health warnings covering most of the cigarette packet surface.
  • Government tobacco taxes make cigarettes more expensive, deterring purchase.
  • These policy measures have contributed to declining smoking rates and reduced lung cancer incidence.

Show Worked Solution

  • Building healthy public policy is one of the five Ottawa Charter action areas for health promotion.
  • This involves governments creating legislation and regulations that support health.
  • The action area focuses on making healthy choices easier through structural changes.
  • For example, plain packaging laws for cigarettes removed attractive branding and advertising.
  • These policies mandate health warnings covering most of the cigarette packet surface.
  • Government tobacco taxes make cigarettes more expensive, deterring purchase.
  • These policy measures have contributed to declining smoking rates and reduced lung cancer incidence.

HMS, HIC 2018 HSC 6 MC

Bike lanes have been established in built-up areas.

Which action area of the Ottawa Charter is this an example of?

  1. Developing personal skills
  2. Reorienting health services
  3. Strengthening community action
  4. Creating supportive environments
Show Answers Only

\(D\)

Show Worked Solution

  • D is correct: Bike lanes create physical infrastructure that supports healthy behaviours and environments.

Other Options:

  • A is incorrect: Developing personal skills involves individual education and skill building.
  • B is incorrect: Reorienting health services involves changing healthcare delivery approaches.
  • C is incorrect: Strengthening community action involves empowering communities to take collective action.

HMS, HIC 2020 HSC 12 MC

The Australian Men's Shed Association was established in 2007 to provide men with health information and opportunities for increased social interaction within their local community.

Which two priority action areas of the Ottawa Charter are best reflected in this initiative?

  1. Developing personal skills and reorientating health services
  2. Building healthy public policy and reorientating health services
  3. Developing personal skills and creating supportive environments
  4. Building healthy public policy and creating supportive environments
Show Answers Only

\(C\)

Show Worked Solution
  • C is correct: Provides health information (personal skills) and community interaction (supportive environments).

Other Options:

  • A is incorrect: Not reorientating health services, focuses on community support.
  • B is incorrect: Not building policy, focuses on individual skill development.
  • D is incorrect: Not building policy, focuses on individual skill development.

HMS, HIC 2020 HSC 26

To what extent has health promotion based on building healthy public policy contributed to improving the health of Australians? Provide examples to support your answer.  (8 marks)

Show Answers Only

Judgment Statement:

  • Health promotion through building healthy public policy has significantly contributed to improving Australian health outcomes. Legislative measures, taxation policies and regulatory frameworks demonstrate substantial effectiveness in reducing mortality and morbidity rates across multiple health areas.

Strongest Evidence:

  • Tobacco control policies exemplify highly effective public health interventions.
  • Plain packaging legislation, graphic health warnings, and smoking bans in public spaces have dramatically reduced smoking rates from 1991 to current times.
  • These policies have directly resulted in decreased lung cancer mortality rates and cardiovascular disease deaths.
  • Tax increases making cigarettes less affordable have particularly impacted youth smoking initiation rates.
  • The comprehensive approach combining multiple policy instruments has produced measurable results in population health improvement, saving thousands of lives annually.

Secondary Evidence:

  • Road safety policies have substantially reduced transport-related mortality.
  • This has been achieved through graduated licensing systems, speed limit enforcement and mandatory safety equipment regulations.
  • Compulsory seatbelt laws and random breath testing have contributed to declining road fatalities.
  • However, policy effectiveness varies across different health issues.
  • Mental health policy development has shown slower progress compared to physical health interventions.
  • Thus indicating that some areas remain less responsive to traditional public policy approaches and require additional community-based strategies.

Reaffirmation:

  • The evidence strongly supports that building healthy public policy has contributed to a significant extent in improving Australian health.
  • The combination of legislative, monetary and regulatory measures has consistently delivered improved health outcomes across multiple disease areas, demonstrating substantial public health impact.
Show Worked Solution

Judgment Statement:

  • Health promotion through building healthy public policy has significantly contributed to improving Australian health outcomes. Legislative measures, taxation policies and regulatory frameworks demonstrate substantial effectiveness in reducing mortality and morbidity rates across multiple health areas.

Strongest Evidence:

  • Tobacco control policies exemplify highly effective public health interventions.
  • Plain packaging legislation, graphic health warnings and smoking bans in public spaces have dramatically reduced smoking rates from 1991 to current times.
  • These policies have directly resulted in decreased lung cancer mortality rates and cardiovascular disease deaths.
  • Tax increases making cigarettes less affordable have particularly impacted youth smoking initiation rates.
  • The comprehensive approach combining multiple policy instruments has produced measurable results in population health improvement, saving thousands of lives annually.

Secondary Evidence:

  • Road safety policies have substantially reduced transport-related mortality.
  • This has been achieved through graduated licensing systems, speed limit enforcement and mandatory safety equipment regulations.
  • Compulsory seatbelt laws and random breath testing have contributed to declining road fatalities.
  • However, policy effectiveness varies across different health issues.
  • Mental health policy development has shown slower progress compared to physical health interventions.
  • Thus indicating that some areas remain less responsive to traditional public policy approaches and require additional community-based strategies.

Reaffirmation:

  • The evidence strongly supports that building healthy public policy has contributed to a significant extent in improving Australian health.
  • The combination of legislative, monetary and regulatory measures has consistently delivered improved health outcomes across multiple disease areas, demonstrating substantial public health impact.

HMS, HIC 2021 HSC 11 MC

A local council has decided to install outdoor exercise equipment in a council-managed park to make physical activity more accessible. It has also employed a personal trainer for set times each day to provide advice and instruction to individuals using the equipment.

Which two action areas of the Ottawa Charter does this strategy best demonstrate?

  1. Strengthening community action and Developing personal skills
  2. Creating supportive environments and Developing personal skills
  3. Strengthening community action and Building healthy public policy
  4. Creating supportive environments and Building healthy public policy
Show Answers Only

\(B\)

Show Worked Solution
  • B is correct: Equipment creates supportive environment, trainer develops personal skills.

Other Options:

  • A is incorrect: Council initiative not community-driven strengthening action.
  • C is incorrect: Personal training develops skills not policy.
  • D is incorrect: Personal trainer role develops individual skills.

HMS, HIC EQ-Bank 103

Outline THREE ways the Ottawa Charter has been used as a framework to improve Australia's health in different population groups.    (3 marks)

Show Answers Only
  • The Ottawa Charter’s action area of building healthy public policy has guided legislation like tobacco plain packaging laws. This has contributed to reducing smoking rates across Australia, particularly in young people and demonstrates how policy changes can help support healthier choices.
  • The Charter’s action area of strengthening community action is evident in Australia’s Close the Gap initiative (2008). This empowers ATSI communities to identify their health priorities and participate in developing culturally appropriate solutions.
  • The Charter’s principle of reorienting health services is demonstrated through the implementation of Australia’s National Chronic Disease Strategy (2005). This initiative shifted focus from treatment-centred approaches to prevention and early intervention.
Show Worked Solution
  • The Ottawa Charter’s action area of building healthy public policy has guided legislation like tobacco plain packaging laws. This has contributed to reducing smoking rates across Australia, particularly in young people and demonstrates how policy changes can help support healthier choices.
  • The Charter’s action area of strengthening community action is evident in Australia’s Close the Gap initiative (2008). This empowers ATSI communities to identify their health priorities and participate in developing culturally appropriate solutions.
  • The Charter’s principle of reorienting health services is demonstrated through the implementation of Australia’s National Chronic Disease Strategy (2005). This initiative shifted focus from treatment-centred approaches to prevention and early intervention.

HMS, HIC EQ-Bank 073 MC

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander model of social and emotional wellbeing includes seven domains of connection.

Which of these is NOT one of the seven domains in this model?

  1. Connection to mind and emotions
  2. Connection to body
  3. Connection to healthcare systems
  4. Connection to Country
Show Answers Only

\(C\)

Show Worked Solution
  • C is correct as connection to healthcare systems is not one of the seven domains.

Other options:

  • A, B and D are incorrect because all represent one of the seven recognised domains.

HMS, HIC EQ-Bank 072 MC

A local council creates new bike paths, offers subsidised gym memberships to low-income residents, and works with schools to provide nutrition education.

Which action area of the Ottawa Charter is most directly reflected in these initiatives?

  1. Building healthy public policy
  2. Creating supportive environments
  3. Strengthening community action
  4. Developing personal skills
Show Answers Only

\(D\)

Show Worked Solution
  • B is correct as creating supportive environments involves making changes to physical and social environments that promote health.

Other options:

  • A is incorrect because building healthy public policy primarily relates to legislation.
  • C is incorrect as strengthening community action focuses on empowering communities to set their own priorities and make decisions.
  • D is incorrect since developing personal skills concentrates on education and life skills development rather than environmental changes.