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HMS, HIC 2018 HSC 21

Outline, using an example, how ‘building healthy public policy’ has been applied to the prevention of lung cancer.   (3 marks)

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  • Building healthy public policy is one of the five Ottawa Charter action areas for health promotion.
  • This involves governments creating legislation and regulations that support health.
  • The action area focuses on making healthy choices easier through structural changes.
  • For example, plain packaging laws for cigarettes removed attractive branding and advertising.
  • These policies mandate health warnings covering most of the cigarette packet surface.
  • Government tobacco taxes make cigarettes more expensive, deterring purchase.
  • These policy measures have contributed to declining smoking rates and reduced lung cancer incidence.

Show Worked Solution

  • Building healthy public policy is one of the five Ottawa Charter action areas for health promotion.
  • This involves governments creating legislation and regulations that support health.
  • The action area focuses on making healthy choices easier through structural changes.
  • For example, plain packaging laws for cigarettes removed attractive branding and advertising.
  • These policies mandate health warnings covering most of the cigarette packet surface.
  • Government tobacco taxes make cigarettes more expensive, deterring purchase.
  • These policy measures have contributed to declining smoking rates and reduced lung cancer incidence.

HMS, HIC 2024 HSC 28b

Evaluate the effectiveness of legislation and health promotion initiatives in addressing ONE major health issue affecting young people.   (12 marks)

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Evaluation Statement

  • Legislation and health promotion initiatives are highly effective in addressing youth road safety when implemented together.
  • This evaluation examines behavioural change impact and long-term sustainability of interventions.

Behavioural Change Impact

  • Graduated licensing systems are highly influential in reducing youth road fatalities.
  • Evidence supporting this includes the 120 supervised hours requirement, passenger limits for P1 drivers and speed restrictions that have coincided with a sizeable reduction in collision rates.
  • The “Plan B” drink-driving campaign has also proven highly effective by promoting practical drink-driving alternatives. Campaign evaluations show a significant percentage decrease in alcohol-related crashes since 2012.
  • A critical strength of these approaches is the combination of addressing specific risk factors while building safe driving habits.
  • In this way, combined approaches can achieve comprehensive behaviour modification.

Long-term Sustainability

  • Legislative measures show excellent sustainability through systematic enforcement.
  • Mobile phone bans partially fulfil objectives due to enforcement challenges. While awareness has increased, detection difficulties limit long-term compliance although this shortcoming is being mitigated by technology developments.
  • Health promotion campaigns like “Speeding. No One Thinks Big of You” achieve moderate sustainability. Research indicates 75% of young males felt discouraged from speeding after viewing.
  • However, campaign effects diminish without ongoing reinforcement. Although effective for immediate impact, promotion requires continuous investment.

Final Evaluation

  • Weighing these factors shows integrated approaches prove most effective.
  • The strengths outweigh limitations because combining external regulation with attitude change can create lasting impact.
  • While legislation provides consistent framework, health promotion addresses cultural motivations.
  • The overall evaluation reveals neither approach alone suffices.
  • Implications suggest continued investment in both legislative and promotional strategies maximises youth road safety outcomes.
Show Worked Solution

Evaluation Statement

  • Legislation and health promotion initiatives are highly effective in addressing youth road safety when implemented together.
  • This evaluation examines behavioural change impact and long-term sustainability of interventions.

Behavioural Change Impact

  • Graduated licensing systems are highly influential in reducing youth road fatalities.
  • Evidence supporting this includes the 120 supervised hours requirement, passenger limits for P1 drivers, and speed restrictions that have coincided with a sizeable reduction in collision rates.
  • The “Plan B” drink-driving campaign has also proven highly effective by promoting practical drink-driving alternatives. Campaign evaluations show a significant percentage decrease in alcohol-related crashes since 2012.
  • A critical strength of these approaches is the combination of addressing specific risk factors while building safe driving habits.
  • In this way, combined approaches can achieve comprehensive behaviour modification.

Long-term Sustainability

  • Legislative measures show excellent sustainability through systematic enforcement.
  • Mobile phone bans partially fulfil objectives due to enforcement challenges. While awareness has increased, detection difficulties limit long-term compliance although this shortcoming is being mitigated by technology developments.
  • Health promotion campaigns like “Speeding. No One Thinks Big of You” achieve moderate sustainability. Research indicates 75% of young males felt discouraged from speeding after viewing.
  • However, campaign effects diminish without ongoing reinforcement. Although effective for immediate impact, promotion requires continuous investment.

Final Evaluation

  • Weighing these factors shows integrated approaches prove most effective.
  • The strengths outweigh limitations because combining external regulation with attitude change can create lasting impact.
  • While legislation provides consistent framework, health promotion addresses cultural motivations.
  • The overall evaluation reveals neither approach alone suffices.
  • Implications suggest continued investment in both legislative and promotional strategies maximises youth road safety outcomes.

♦♦ Mean mark 43%.