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BIOLOGY, M8 EQ-Bank 5 MC

Which coordination system detects changes in blood glucose and sends signals to effector organs to restore homeostasis?

  1. Circulatory
  2. Digestive
  3. Hormonal
  4. Neural
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`D`

Show Worked Solution
  • D is correct: Neural pathways detect changes and send signals to effectors to restore homeostasis.

Other Options:

  • A is incorrect: Circulatory system transports substances; does not detect or signal.
  • B is incorrect: Digestive system processes nutrients; not a coordination system.
  • C is incorrect: Hormonal is a valid coordination system but uses chemical messengers via blood, not neural signals.

BIOLOGY, M8 EQ-Bank 26

The biological structure shown is part of one of the systems in the body.
 

  1. Name the biological structure.   (1 mark)

  2. Outline how neural pathways allow the hypothalamus to maintain body temperature within normal range.   (3 marks)

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a.    Nerve cell/neuron

b.    Steps involved in system’s response to a stimulus:

  • Thermoreceptors detect a change in body temperature and send nerve impulses to the hypothalamus.
  • The hypothalamus (control centre) processes the signal and sends neural signals to effectors.
  • Effectors respond (e.g. sweat glands, skeletal muscles, blood vessels) to restore temperature to the normal range.
Show Worked Solution

a.    Nerve cell/neuron

b.    Steps involved in system’s response to a stimulus:

  • Thermoreceptors detect a change in body temperature and send nerve impulses to the hypothalamus.
  • The hypothalamus (control centre) processes the signal and sends neural signals to effectors.
  • Effectors respond (e.g. sweat glands, skeletal muscles, blood vessels) to restore temperature to the normal range.

BIOLOGY, M8 2014 HSC 31a

The biological structure shown is part of one of the systems in the body.
 

  1. Name the biological structure.   (1 mark)

  2. Outline the steps involved in this system's response to a stimulus.   (3 marks)

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i.   Nerve cell/neuron

ii.   Steps involved in system’s response to a stimulus

  • A stimulus is detected by a receptor nerve cell which convert the stimulus to an electrochemical impulse, which is then carried by sensory cells to the brain.
  • The signal reaches a certain segment on the brain depending on what signal was received, where an action is determined to be carried out.
  • Motor neurons carry the signal to an effector, which carries out the response
Show Worked Solution

i.   Nerve cell/neuron

ii.   Steps involved in system’s response to a stimulus

  • A stimulus is detected by a receptor nerve cell which convert the stimulus to an electrochemical impulse, which is then carried by sensory cells to the brain.
  • The signal reaches a certain segment on the brain depending on what signal was received, where an action is determined to be carried out.
  • Motor neurons carry the signal to an effector, which carries out the response.

♦ Mean mark (ii) 48%.

BIOLOGY, M8 2018 HSC 21

  1. Identify TWO responses of a named endotherm to a decrease in body temperature.   (2 marks)

  2. Outline the role of the nervous system of an endotherm in maintaining homeostasis when its body temperature changes.   (2 marks)

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a.   Vasoconstriction and shivering.

b.   Body temperature maintenance in endotherms:

  • This is achieved via negative feedback loops.
  • Temperature receptors in the brain and skin detect changes in body temperature.
  • The central nervous system receives a signal via the receptors.
  • Muscles or glands (effectors) then receive nerve signals sent from the central nervous system.
Show Worked Solution

a.   Vasoconstriction and shivering.

b.   Body temperature maintenance in endotherms:

  • This is achieved via negative feedback loops.
  • Temperature receptors in the brain and skin detect changes in body temperature.
  • The central nervous system receives a signal via the receptors.
  • Muscles or glands (effectors) then receive nerve signals sent from the central nervous system.

BIOLOGY, M8 2017 HSC 2 MC

Which of the following body systems is involved in detecting and responding to environmental changes?

  1. Circulatory
  2. Digestive
  3. Excretory
  4. Nervous
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`D`

Show Worked Solution
  • The nervous system detects and responds to environmental change using sensory nerves.

`=>D`