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HMS, BM EQ-Bank 118

Compare and contrast how body systems work together during the start, middle and end phases of a 5 km run.   (8 marks)

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Sample Answer

Start Phase:

  • Nervous system increases respiratory rate while circulatory system elevates blood flow to muscles
  • Digestive system mobilizes glucose as endocrine system releases energy hormones
  • Muscular and skeletal systems establish rhythm through coordinated movement patterns
  • All systems transition from rest to high activity state

Middle Phase:

  • Respiratory and circulatory systems achieve steady state oxygen delivery
  • Muscular system maintains efficient contractions through skeletal leverage points
  • Nervous system automates movement while endocrine system regulates energy
  • Systems demonstrate optimal efficiency and coordination

End Phase:

  • Respiratory rate increases while circulation manages developing fatigue
  • Nervous system maintains technique as muscles experience fatigue
  • Endocrine system mobilises energy reserves while digestive system depletes
  • Systems show compensatory mechanisms to maintain performance
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Sample Answer

Start Phase:

  • Nervous system increases respiratory rate while circulatory system elevates blood flow to muscles
  • Digestive system mobilizes glucose as endocrine system releases energy hormones
  • Muscular and skeletal systems establish rhythm through coordinated movement patterns
  • All systems transition from rest to high activity state

Middle Phase:

  • Respiratory and circulatory systems achieve steady state oxygen delivery
  • Muscular system maintains efficient contractions through skeletal leverage points
  • Nervous system automates movement while endocrine system regulates energy
  • Systems demonstrate optimal efficiency and coordination

End Phase:

  • Respiratory rate increases while circulation manages developing fatigue
  • Nervous system maintains technique as muscles experience fatigue
  • Endocrine system mobilises energy reserves while digestive system depletes
  • Systems show compensatory mechanisms to maintain performance

HMS, BM EQ-Bank 117

Analyse how the skeletal, muscular and nervous systems work together differently in a power clean versus a deadlift.   (8 marks)

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Sample Answer

Power Clean:

  • Multiple joints allow explosive triple extension; muscles generate rapid force; nerves coordinate fast recruitment.
  • Nervous system activates fast-twitch fibres while muscles contract powerfully through skeletal joint range.
  • Complex nerve pathways coordinate multiple muscle groups across key skeletal positions.
  • Nervous system integrates movement while muscles transfer force through skeletal chain.
  • Skeletal and muscular systems provide dynamic stability guided by neural feedback.

Deadlift:

  • Hip and knee joints provide base; muscles generate steady force; nerves recruit steadily.
  • Simple nerve pathways control gradual muscle tension through fixed skeletal path.
  • Nervous system maintains consistent muscle activation along stable joint angles.
  • Skeletal system provides rigid base while muscles control eccentric phase.
  • Limited joint movement requires steady muscle tension and basic neural control.
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Sample Answer

Power Clean:

  • Multiple joints allow explosive triple extension; muscles generate rapid force; nerves coordinate fast recruitment.
  • Nervous system activates fast-twitch fibres while muscles contract powerfully through skeletal joint range.
  • Complex nerve pathways coordinate multiple muscle groups across key skeletal positions.
  • Nervous system integrates movement while muscles transfer force through skeletal chain.
  • Skeletal and muscular systems provide dynamic stability guided by neural feedback.

Deadlift:

  • Hip and knee joints provide base; muscles generate steady force; nerves recruit steadily.
  • Simple nerve pathways control gradual muscle tension through fixed skeletal path.
  • Nervous system maintains consistent muscle activation along stable joint angles.
  • Skeletal system provides rigid base while muscles control eccentric phase.
  • Limited joint movement requires steady muscle tension and basic neural control.

HMS, BM EQ-Bank 116

Evaluate how the circulatory, respiratory and muscular systems interact during recovery between swimming races.   (7 marks)

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Sample Answer

Initial Recovery:

  • Circulatory system maintains elevated blood flow while respiratory rate gradually decreases; muscles begin waste removal
  • Heart rate remains elevated to support oxygen delivery while breathing pattern normalises and muscles start repair
  • Blood flow redistributes as breathing depth reduces and muscle tension decreases

Mid Recovery:

  • Blood flow optimises waste removal while respiratory rate stabilises and muscles replenish energy stores
  • Circulatory system supports temperature regulation while breathing efficiency improves and muscle fatigue reduces
  • Oxygen-rich blood delivery continues as ventilation normalises and muscle function restores

Late Recovery:

  • Heart rate approaches resting as breathing returns to normal and muscles complete recovery
  • Blood flow patterns normalise while respiratory efficiency returns and muscle readiness peaks
  • Circulatory function balances with steady breathing rate and muscle preparation for next race
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Sample Answer

Initial Recovery:

  • Circulatory system maintains elevated blood flow while respiratory rate gradually decreases; muscles begin waste removal
  • Heart rate remains elevated to support oxygen delivery while breathing pattern normalises and muscles start repair
  • Blood flow redistributes as breathing depth reduces and muscle tension decreases

Mid Recovery:

  • Blood flow optimises waste removal while respiratory rate stabilises and muscles replenish energy stores
  • Circulatory system supports temperature regulation while breathing efficiency improves and muscle fatigue reduces
  • Oxygen-rich blood delivery continues as ventilation normalises and muscle function restores

Late Recovery:

  • Heart rate approaches resting as breathing returns to normal and muscles complete recovery
  • Blood flow patterns normalise while respiratory efficiency returns and muscle readiness peaks
  • Circulatory function balances with steady breathing rate and muscle preparation for next race

HMS, BM EQ-Bank 114

Explain how the muscular and skeletal systems respond to maintain posture during a complex dance sequence.   (5 marks)

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Sample Answer

Core Stability:

  • Deep core muscles engage around spinal column while skeletal alignment provides central support
  • Postural muscles maintain tension as skeletal framework offers balance points

Movement Control:

  • Skeletal joints create movement pathways while muscles control force production
  • Muscular contractions coordinate through skeletal levers to produce fluid motion

Balance Adjustments:

  • Small postural muscles fine-tune position while skeletal alignment shifts subtly
  • Weight transfers through skeletal structure as muscles adapt tension levels

Dynamic Stability:

  • Multiple joints work together while muscle groups coordinate contractions
  • Skeletal system provides stable base as muscles respond to position changes
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Sample Answer

Core Stability:

  • Deep core muscles engage around spinal column while skeletal alignment provides central support
  • Postural muscles maintain tension as skeletal framework offers balance points

Movement Control:

  • Skeletal joints create movement pathways while muscles control force production
  • Muscular contractions coordinate through skeletal levers to produce fluid motion

Balance Adjustments:

  • Small postural muscles fine-tune position while skeletal alignment shifts subtly
  • Weight transfers through skeletal structure as muscles adapt tension levels

Dynamic Stability:

  • Multiple joints work together while muscle groups coordinate contractions
  • Skeletal system provides stable base as muscles respond to position changes

HMS, BM EQ-Bank 112

Analyse how THREE body systems work together to maintain balance during a gymnastics beam routine.   (6 marks)

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Sample Answer

Static Position:

  • Inner ear sensors trigger muscle contractions while skeleton provides stable base
  • Proprioceptors monitor joint positions as muscles adjust around skeletal framework

Dynamic Movement:

  • Neural pathways coordinate muscle activation through skeletal levers for controlled transitions
  • Nervous system integrates sensory input while muscles respond through bone leverage points

Balance Recovery:

  • Position changes detected by nervous system trigger rapid muscle responses around skeletal points
  • Neural feedback adjusts muscle tension while skeleton maintains center of gravity

Performance:

  • All three systems integrate for smooth transitions between skills
  • Continuous system cooperation allows sustained balance control
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Sample Answer

Static Position:

  • Inner ear sensors trigger muscle contractions while skeleton provides stable base
  • Proprioceptors monitor joint positions as muscles adjust around skeletal framework

Dynamic Movement:

  • Neural pathways coordinate muscle activation through skeletal levers for controlled transitions
  • Nervous system integrates sensory input while muscles respond through bone leverage points

Balance Recovery:

  • Position changes detected by nervous system trigger rapid muscle responses around skeletal points
  • Neural feedback adjusts muscle tension while skeleton maintains center of gravity

Performance:

  • All three systems integrate for smooth transitions between skills
  • Continuous system cooperation allows sustained balance control

HMS, BM EQ-Bank 111

Compare how the muscular and nervous systems work together in a skilled tennis serve versus a beginner's tennis serve.   (5 marks)

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Sample Answer

Skilled server:

  • Automatic nervous system activation produces coordinated muscle sequencing
  • Neural pathways enable efficient kinetic chain through precise muscle recruitment
  • Both systems integrate to produce consistent power and accuracy

Beginner server:

  • Conscious nervous system control leads to irregular muscle activation
  • Underdeveloped neural pathways result in uncoordinated muscle sequencing
  • Limited system integration produces inconsistent power and accuracy
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Sample Answer

Skilled server:

  • Automatic nervous system activation produces coordinated muscle sequencing
  • Neural pathways enable efficient kinetic chain through precise muscle recruitment
  • Both systems integrate to produce consistent power and accuracy

Beginner server:

  • Conscious nervous system control leads to irregular muscle activation
  • Underdeveloped neural pathways result in uncoordinated muscle sequencing
  • Limited system integration produces inconsistent power and accuracy

HMS, BM EQ-Bank 109

Outline how the skeletal and muscular systems work together during a squat movement.   (3 marks)

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Sample Answer

Descent:

  • Hip and knee joints bend while thigh muscles lengthen to control movement
  • Skeleton provides stable framework as muscles control lowering

Bottom Position:

  • Skeleton maintains alignment while muscles hold stable position

Rising:

  • Leg muscles contract to push while skeleton provides leverage for upward movement
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Sample Answer

Descent:

  • Hip and knee joints bend while thigh muscles lengthen to control movement
  • Skeleton provides stable framework as muscles control lowering

Bottom Position:

  • Skeleton maintains alignment while muscles hold stable position

Rising:

  • Leg muscles contract to push while skeleton provides leverage for upward movement

HMS, BM EQ-Bank 108 MC

During a powerful golf swing, what best describes the respiratory system's interaction with other body systems?

  1. Only supports the circulatory system
  2. Coordinates with multiple systems to meet increased oxygen demands
  3. Works in isolation from other systems
  4. Reduces function to allow other systems to dominate
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Consider Option B: Delivers oxygen and removes waste products from active muscles

The respiratory system works with

  • circulatory, muscular, and nervous systems by increasing breathing rate and depth to meet the oxygen demands of the powerful movement.

Other Options:

  • A is incorrect: Ignores system interdependence
  • C is incorrect: Misses broader system interactions
  • D is incorrect: Contradicts integrated function principle

HMS, BM EQ-Bank 107 MC

An athlete performs a complex gymnastics routine. How do the skeletal, muscular and nervous systems interact to maintain balance?

  1. Skeletal system provides leverage while muscles and nerves are inactive
  2. Muscles contract randomly while nerves send signals to bones
  3. Nerves receive sensory input, muscles respond, and skeleton provides stability
  4. Bones move independently of muscular and nervous input
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Consider Option A: Delivers oxygen and removes waste products from active muscles

The nervous system 

  • processes sensory information about body position
  • signals muscles to contract appropriately

The skeletal system 

  • provides the stable base needed to maintain balance throughout the routine

Other Options:

  • B is incorrect: Ignores continuous system interaction
  • C is incorrect: Misses coordinated nature of response
  • D is incorrect: Contradicts integrated system function

HMS, BM EQ-Bank 106 MC

During sustained swimming, what is the primary role of the circulatory system in supporting movement?

  1. Only removes lactic acid from muscles
  2. Only increases oxygen delivery to active muscles
  3. Delivers oxygen and removes waste products from active muscles
  4. Only maintains core body temperature
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Consider Option C: Delivers oxygen and removes waste products from active muscles

The circulatory system simultaneously

  • delivers oxygen and nutrients to active muscles
  • removes metabolic waste products to maintain efficient movement through continuous blood flow

Other Options:

  • A is incorrect: Ignores oxygen delivery role
  • B is incorrect: Misses waste removal function
  • D is incorrect: Omits critical gas exchange function

HMS, BM EQ-Bank 105 MC

A tennis player executes a powerful serve. Which statement best describes the nervous system's role?

  1. Only processes visual information from the ball toss
  2. Coordinates sensory input, muscle activation and balance
  3. Only controls muscle contraction timing
  4. Only maintains postural stability during the movement
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Consider Option B: Coordinates sensory input, muscle activation and balance

The nervous system

  • integrates visual information from the ball toss
  • coordinates the timing of multiple muscle contractions throughout the kinetic chain
  • maintains balance through sensory feedback throughout the service motion

Other Options:

  • A is incorrect: Omits muscle control aspects
  • C is incorrect: Ignores sensory processing required
  • D is incorrect: Misses coordination requirements

HMS, BM EQ-Bank 104 MC

During a sprinting action, what is occurring in the quadriceps and hamstrings?

  1. Both muscles contract concentrically
  2. Both muscles contract eccentrically
  3. Quadriceps contracts concentrically while hamstrings relax
  4. Quadriceps contracts concentrically while hamstrings contract eccentrically
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Consider Option D:  Quadriceps contracts concentrically while hamstrings contract eccentrically

  • quadriceps contracts concentrically (shortens) to drive the leg forward
  • hamstrings contract eccentrically (lengthens under tension) to control the movement and prepare for the next phase.

Other Options:

  • A is incorrect: Both cannot shorten simultaneously
  • B is incorrect: Both cannot lengthen simultaneously
  • C is incorrect: Hamstrings must control leg movement

HMS, BM EQ-Bank 103 MC

During a netball game, a player performs a layup shot. Which body systems are working together to execute this movement?

  1. Skeletal and respiratory only
  2. Muscular and circulatory only
  3. Skeletal, muscular and nervous
  4. Respiratory and circulatory only
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Consider Option C:  Skeletal, muscular and nervous

  • skeletal system provides the framework for movement
  • muscles contract to produce the force
  • nervous system coordinates the timing and precision of the layup shot

Other Options:

  • A is incorrect: Misses muscular control needed
  • B is incorrect: Omits skeletal framework required
  • D is incorrect: Misses skeletal and muscular components