smc-5527-15-Inefficient movement

HMS, BM EQ-Bank 946

How does preventative taping affect movement efficiency for an athlete recovering from an ankle sprain? (5 marks)

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Sample Answer

Preventative taping provides proprioceptive feedback to the athlete, which creates sensory awareness around the ankle joint. This enhances neuromuscular control, leading to more efficient movement patterns during recovery.
By restricting excessive inversion and eversion movements, taping maintains optimal joint alignment during dynamic activities. Compensatory movements in other joints are prevented, which eliminates energy leaks and improves efficiency.
Psychological confidence from taping allows athletes to move more naturally without fear of re-injury. Reduced hesitation in movement execution enables better biomechanical efficiency during performance.
Taping stabilises the ankle joint by supporting ligaments and surrounding structures. Effective force transfer through the kinetic chain becomes possible, resulting in more powerful and controlled movements.
However, incorrect application can create unnecessary restriction of normal movement patterns. Athletes then compensate with altered mechanics, potentially developing new inefficiencies.
Progressive reduction in taping support encourages proper neuromuscular adaptation. Athletes therefore develop intrinsic stability rather than external dependence, ultimately achieving better long-term movement efficiency.

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Sample Answer

Preventative taping provides proprioceptive feedback to the athlete, which creates sensory awareness around the ankle joint. This enhances neuromuscular control, leading to more efficient movement patterns during recovery.
By restricting excessive inversion and eversion movements, taping maintains optimal joint alignment during dynamic activities. Compensatory movements in other joints are prevented, which eliminates energy leaks and improves efficiency.
Psychological confidence from taping allows athletes to move more naturally without fear of re-injury. Reduced hesitation in movement execution enables better biomechanical efficiency during performance.
Taping stabilises the ankle joint by supporting ligaments and surrounding structures. Effective force transfer through the kinetic chain becomes possible, resulting in more powerful and controlled movements.
However, incorrect application can create unnecessary restriction of normal movement patterns. Athletes then compensate with altered mechanics, potentially developing new inefficiencies.
Progressive reduction in taping support encourages proper neuromuscular adaptation. Athletes therefore develop intrinsic stability rather than external dependence, ultimately achieving better long-term movement efficiency.

HMS, BM EQ-Bank 945

Explain how a swimmer could use specific training methods to improve skill and technique for more efficient movement in the water. (5 marks)

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Sample Answer

Drills isolating specific stroke components help to develop proper movement patterns. For instance, catch-pull sequences in freestyle create muscle memory for efficient propulsion because they reinforce correct hand placement repeatedly.
Video analysis provides visual feedback on body position and stroke mechanics. This enables swimmers to identify inefficiencies like crossover arm entries, which leads to targeted corrections for improved streamlining.
Progressive skill development through part-whole practice allows swimmers to master individual elements first. As a result, proper technique becomes established before integrating components into the complete stroke.
Core strength training enhances body rotation and stabilisation in the water. This improvement triggers better power transfer from the torso to extremities, thereby creating more effective propulsion.
Consistent technical feedback from coaches reinforces proper movement patterns during training. This prevents swimmers from reverting to inefficient habits when fatigued, ensuring long-term technique improvement.

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Sample Answer

Drills isolating specific stroke components help to develop proper movement patterns. For instance, catch-pull sequences in freestyle create muscle memory for efficient propulsion because they reinforce correct hand placement repeatedly.
Video analysis provides visual feedback on body position and stroke mechanics. This enables swimmers to identify inefficiencies like crossover arm entries, which leads to targeted corrections for improved streamlining.
Progressive skill development through part-whole practice allows swimmers to master individual elements first. As a result, proper technique becomes established before integrating components into the complete stroke.
Core strength training enhances body rotation and stabilisation in the water. This improvement triggers better power transfer from the torso to extremities, thereby creating more effective propulsion.
Consistent technical feedback from coaches reinforces proper movement patterns during training. This prevents swimmers from reverting to inefficient habits when fatigued, ensuring long-term technique improvement.

HMS, BM EQ-Bank 944

Describe how poor posture can lead to inefficient movement in basketball. (3 marks)

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Sample Answer

Poor posture alters the body’s centre of gravity, affecting balance and stability which compromises shooting accuracy and defensive positioning on the court.
Inadequate core strength associated with poor posture can lead to compensatory movements when jumping or pivoting, reducing power generation and increasing injury risk.
Forward head posture or rounded shoulders can restrict arm movement and reduce the range of motion needed for effective passing and shooting techniques.

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Sample Answer

Poor posture alters the body’s centre of gravity, affecting balance and stability which compromises shooting accuracy and defensive positioning on the court.
Inadequate core strength associated with poor posture can lead to compensatory movements when jumping or pivoting, reducing power generation and increasing injury risk.
Forward head posture or rounded shoulders can restrict arm movement and reduce the range of motion needed for effective passing and shooting techniques.

HMS, BM EQ-Bank 943 MC

During a soccer match, a player consistently kicks the ball with poor accuracy. Which factor would most effectively improve this inefficient movement?

Increasing core strength through Pilates
Improving technique through targeted skill practice
Enhancing cardiovascular endurance
Applying preventative ankle taping

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\(B\)

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B is correct: Targeted skill practice directly refines motor patterns and ball contact mechanics needed for accuracy.

Other Options:

A is incorrect: Core strength aids stability but has less direct impact on kicking accuracy than technique.
C is incorrect: Cardiovascular endurance affects fatigue resistance, not technical kicking accuracy.
D is incorrect: Ankle taping provides stability but doesn’t address technical components determining accuracy.

HMS, BM EQ-Bank 942 MC

A gymnast is experiencing recurring wrist pain during floor routines despite not having any diagnosed injury. What is the most likely cause of this inefficient movement issue?

Inadequate warm-up protocols
Insufficient core strength affecting posture
Poor technique in weight-bearing positions
Lack of preventative taping

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\(C\)

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C is correct: Poor technique in weight-bearing positions creates inefficient loading patterns causing recurring wrist pain.

Other Options:

A is incorrect: Inadequate warm-up contributes to injury but doesn’t explain recurring pain specific to weight-bearing.
B is incorrect: Core strength affects overall performance but wrist pain relates more to technical execution.
D is incorrect: Lack of taping isn’t a cause – it’s absence of prevention, not source of pain.

HMS, BM EQ-Bank 141

Analyse the interrelationship between body systems when performing inefficient weightlifting technique and discuss appropriate first aid responses. (8 marks)

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Sample Answer

Overview Statement

Inefficient weightlifting technique creates cascading failures across musculoskeletal, nervous, and circulatory systems.
Key relationships include biomechanical stress, pain responses, inflammatory processes requiring systematic first aid intervention.

Musculoskeletal-Nervous System Impact

Poor technique forces joints and muscles beyond safe ranges, compromising stability and alignment.
Nociceptors immediately trigger pain signals through the nervous system in response.
Protective muscle spasms develop as the body attempts to prevent further tissue damage.
The interaction reveals how biomechanical errors directly activate protective neural responses.
Immediate cessation of activity becomes essential due to these warning signals.

Circulatory-Inflammatory Response

Tissue damage initiates increased blood flow to affected areas.
Acute inflammatory responses including swelling and heat result from this vascular change.
Compression from swelling subsequently affects surrounding nerves and blood vessels.
Vascular changes therefore amplify tissue damage through this cascade effect.

First Aid Response Strategy

Primary assessment focuses on checking airway, breathing and circulation to secure vital functions.
Specific injury assessment determines whether immediate medical attention or RICER protocol is needed.
Immobilisation prevents secondary injury while maintaining vital system function.
Early ice application reduces inflammatory response by causing vasoconstriction.
Compression and elevation work together to limit swelling and fluid accumulation.

Implications and Synthesis

These interrelationships demonstrate how poor technique creates multi-system dysfunction.
First aid must address both immediate threats and specific tissue damage.
Systematic response protocols therefore prevent complications.
Early intervention significantly minimises long-term damage and recovery time.

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Sample Answer

Overview Statement

Inefficient weightlifting technique creates cascading failures across musculoskeletal, nervous, and circulatory systems.
Key relationships include biomechanical stress, pain responses, inflammatory processes requiring systematic first aid intervention.

Musculoskeletal-Nervous System Impact

Poor technique forces joints and muscles beyond safe ranges, compromising stability and alignment.
Nociceptors immediately trigger pain signals through the nervous system in response.
Protective muscle spasms develop as the body attempts to prevent further tissue damage.
The interaction reveals how biomechanical errors directly activate protective neural responses.
Immediate cessation of activity becomes essential due to these warning signals.

Circulatory-Inflammatory Response

Tissue damage initiates increased blood flow to affected areas.
Acute inflammatory responses including swelling and heat result from this vascular change.
Compression from swelling subsequently affects surrounding nerves and blood vessels.
Vascular changes therefore amplify tissue damage through this cascade effect.

First Aid Response Strategy

Primary assessment focuses on checking airway, breathing and circulation to secure vital functions.
Specific injury assessment determines whether immediate medical attention or RICER protocol is needed.
Immobilisation prevents secondary injury while maintaining vital system function.
Early ice application reduces inflammatory response by causing vasoconstriction.
Compression and elevation work together to limit swelling and fluid accumulation.

Implications and Synthesis

These interrelationships demonstrate how poor technique creates multi-system dysfunction.
First aid must address both immediate threats and specific tissue damage.
Systematic response protocols therefore prevent complications.
Early intervention significantly minimises long-term damage and recovery time.

HMS, BM EQ-Bank 140

Explain how the muscular and nervous systems are affected when a tennis player repeatedly serves with poor technique, and describe appropriate first aid responses. (5 marks)

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Sample Answer

Rotator cuff muscles strain from repetitive overuse and incorrect loading patterns during the serve action. This occurs because poor technique places excessive stress on shoulder stabilisers, leading to micro-tears in muscle fibres and inflammation.
Neural pathways activate continuous pain responses through the peripheral nervous system as protective feedback. This triggers muscle guarding and altered movement patterns, which creates a cycle of compensation and further tissue damage.
Localised inflammation in the shoulder region compresses surrounding nerves and blood vessels. Consequently, the player experiences referred pain down the arm and reduced range of motion, preventing normal serving mechanics.
First aid requires immediate ice application in 20-minute intervals with compression bandaging. This works by causing vasoconstriction to reduce blood flow and swelling, thereby limiting inflammatory response and pain signals.
A 48-72 hour rest period from serving is essential while maintaining gentle mobility exercises. This combination enables tissue repair without complete immobilisation, which prevents adhesions and maintains flexibility for return to play.

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Sample Answer

Rotator cuff muscles strain from repetitive overuse and incorrect loading patterns during the serve action. This occurs because poor technique places excessive stress on shoulder stabilisers, leading to micro-tears in muscle fibres and inflammation.
Neural pathways activate continuous pain responses through the peripheral nervous system as protective feedback. This triggers muscle guarding and altered movement patterns, which creates a cycle of compensation and further tissue damage.
Localised inflammation in the shoulder region compresses surrounding nerves and blood vessels. Consequently, the player experiences referred pain down the arm and reduced range of motion, preventing normal serving mechanics.
First aid requires immediate ice application in 20-minute intervals with compression bandaging. This works by causing vasoconstriction to reduce blood flow and swelling, thereby limiting inflammatory response and pain signals.
A 48-72 hour rest period from serving is essential while maintaining gentle mobility exercises. This combination enables tissue repair without complete immobilisation, which prevents adhesions and maintains flexibility for return to play.

HMS, BM EQ-Bank 139

Analyse how multiple body systems are impacted when a long-distance runner continues competing with inefficient running style, and suggest appropriate first aid responses. (8 marks)

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Sample Answer

Overview Statement

Inefficient running technique creates excessive stress across multiple body systems, directly affecting performance and safety.
Key relationships include muscular fatigue, skeletal misalignment, cardiovascular strain, and appropriate first aid interventions.

Muscular-Skeletal Impact

Poor biomechanics leads to increased muscular fatigue as muscles work harder than necessary.
This results in quadriceps and calf muscles experiencing irregular loading, reducing power output.
Simultaneously, misaligned forces travel through incorrectly positioned joints.
This causes ankles, knees and hips to absorb uneven stress, increasing stress fracture risks.
The relationship shows how inefficient technique compounds damage across connected systems.

Cardiovascular-Respiratory Strain

Poor technique requires more oxygen than efficient running, forcing systems to work overtime.
This triggers unnecessarily elevated heart rate while breathing becomes laboured.
Consequently, earlier fatigue occurs, limiting endurance capacity.
This reveals the direct connection between biomechanical inefficiency and physiological stress.

First Aid Response Priorities

Immediate intervention focuses on monitoring vital signs to prevent system failure.
Checking heart rate, blood pressure and hydration enables early detection of dangerous conditions.
Secondary aid addresses specific injuries using RICER protocol for muscular strains.
This prevents further damage while managing acute injuries.

Implications and Synthesis

These relationships demonstrate how inefficient technique creates cascading system failures.
Multiple systems interact, amplifying overall stress and injury risk.
Therefore, first aid must address both immediate vital signs and specific injuries.
The significance is that proper intervention prevents serious complications from biomechanical inefficiency.

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Sample Answer

Overview Statement

Inefficient running technique creates excessive stress across multiple body systems, directly affecting performance and safety.
Key relationships include muscular fatigue, skeletal misalignment, cardiovascular strain, and appropriate first aid interventions.

Muscular-Skeletal Impact

Poor biomechanics leads to increased muscular fatigue as muscles work harder than necessary.
This results in quadriceps and calf muscles experiencing irregular loading, reducing power output.
Simultaneously, misaligned forces travel through incorrectly positioned joints.
This causes ankles, knees and hips to absorb uneven stress, increasing stress fracture risks.
The relationship shows how inefficient technique compounds damage across connected systems.

Cardiovascular-Respiratory Strain

Poor technique requires more oxygen than efficient running, forcing systems to work overtime.
This triggers unnecessarily elevated heart rate while breathing becomes laboured.
Consequently, earlier fatigue occurs, limiting endurance capacity.
This reveals the direct connection between biomechanical inefficiency and physiological stress.

First Aid Response Priorities

Immediate intervention focuses on monitoring vital signs to prevent system failure.
Checking heart rate, blood pressure and hydration enables early detection of dangerous conditions.
Secondary aid addresses specific injuries using RICER protocol for muscular strains.
This prevents further damage while managing acute injuries.

Implications and Synthesis

These relationships demonstrate how inefficient technique creates cascading system failures.
Multiple systems interact, amplifying overall stress and injury risk.
Therefore, first aid must address both immediate vital signs and specific injuries.
The significance is that proper intervention prevents serious complications from biomechanical inefficiency.

HMS, BM EQ-Bank 138

Outline how inefficient jumping technique can affect the skeletal system and require first aid intervention. (3 marks)

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Sample Answer

Incorrect landing mechanics – Poor technique causes excessive joint compression in ankles, knees and hips, potentially leading to acute injuries.
Abnormal force distribution – Impact forces travel through misaligned bones creating stress fractures, particularly in weight-bearing bones like tibia and metatarsals.
First aid requirements – RICER protocol needed for acute injuries, joint stabilisation to prevent further damage, and medical referral for suspected fractures.

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Sample Answer

Incorrect landing mechanics – Poor technique causes excessive joint compression in ankles, knees and hips, potentially leading to acute injuries.
Abnormal force distribution – Impact forces travel through misaligned bones creating stress fractures, particularly in weight-bearing bones like tibia and metatarsals.
First aid requirements – RICER protocol needed for acute injuries, joint stabilisation to prevent further damage, and medical referral for suspected fractures.

HMS, BM EQ-Bank 137 MC

During a sprint race, an athlete's running technique deteriorates, causing them to collapse. Which system response requires IMMEDIATE first aid attention?

Respiratory system failure
Circulatory system overload
Muscular system fatigue
Nervous system shutdown

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\(B\)

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B is correct: Circulatory system overload requires immediate attention due to risk of cardiac issues.

Other Options:

A is incorrect: While breathing may be laboured, circulation is priority
C is incorrect: Muscle fatigue alone wouldn’t cause collapse
D is incorrect: Neural fatigue isn’t immediately life-threatening

HMS, BM EQ-Bank 136 MC

A swimmer presents with shoulder pain after repeatedly performing an inefficient freestyle arm pull. Which combination of systems is MOST likely to require first aid treatment?

Muscular and nervous systems
Circulatory and respiratory systems
Muscular and skeletal systems
Skeletal and nervous systems

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\(C\)

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C is correct: Both muscular strain and joint stress occur from repetitive inefficient movement.

Other Options:

A is incorrect: While pain is present, muscle damage is primary concern
B is incorrect: These systems are not primarily impacted by the movement
D is incorrect: Joint stress occurs with muscle not nerve damage

HMS, BM EQ-Bank 135 MC

During a netball game, a player lands awkwardly causing their knee to buckle inwards. Which system is MOST immediately affected by this inefficient movement?

Skeletal system
Muscular system
Nervous system
Circulatory system

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\(A\)

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A is correct: The skeletal system is primarily affected as the joint structure is compromised by the buckling motion.

Other Options:

B is incorrect: While muscles support the knee, the immediate impact is on joint alignment
C is incorrect: While pain signals are sent, the structural damage occurs first
D is incorrect: Blood flow is not immediately impacted by this movement

HMS, BM EQ-Bank 124

Analyse how the nervous system influences movement efficiency and discuss appropriate first aid interventions when neural responses are compromised. (8 marks)

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Sample Answer

Overview Statement

The nervous system controls muscle coordination and sensory feedback, directly affecting movement efficiency. Key relationships include neural-muscle communication, proprioceptive feedback, and compromised function requiring first aid.

Neural-Muscle Coordination

The nervous system controls which muscles work together, directly influencing movement efficiency.
Neural coordination enables muscles to activate at precise times and use energy effectively.
During running, the nervous system activates hip muscles before foot contact while relaxing opposing muscles.
This creates 25% more efficient running than uncoordinated muscle contractions.
This pattern shows how the nervous system is essential for efficient movement.

Proprioceptive Feedback System

Body position sensors provide continuous feedback that connects to balance and coordination.
The nervous system processes information from sensors to make instant adjustments.
Balance sensors in ears and position sensors in joints help athletes maintain centre of gravity within 2cm of optimal position.
This reveals the connection between nervous feedback and precise movement efficiency.

First Aid When Neural Function Compromised

When the nervous system is damaged, immediate intervention prevents further injury and enables recovery.
Recognising nerve problems leads to proper emergency response protecting immediate safety.
Athletes experiencing tingling, coordination loss, or irregular muscle function require immediate activity cessation.
TOTAPS assessment focusing on sensation testing prevents worsening of nerve injuries.

Implications and Synthesis

These relationships show the nervous system orchestrates all efficient movement through coordination and feedback.
When neural function is compromised, movement efficiency decreases dramatically.
Therefore, first aid protocols must prioritise neural assessment and protection.
The significance is that proper intervention can prevent permanent damage and preserve movement capacity.

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Sample Answer

Overview Statement

The nervous system controls muscle coordination and sensory feedback, directly affecting movement efficiency. Key relationships include neural-muscle communication, proprioceptive feedback, and compromised function requiring first aid.

Neural-Muscle Coordination

The nervous system controls which muscles work together, directly influencing movement efficiency.
Neural coordination enables muscles to activate at precise times and use energy effectively.
During running, the nervous system activates hip muscles before foot contact while relaxing opposing muscles.
This creates 25% more efficient running than uncoordinated muscle contractions.
This pattern shows how the nervous system is essential for efficient movement.

Proprioceptive Feedback System

Body position sensors provide continuous feedback that connects to balance and coordination.
The nervous system processes information from sensors to make instant adjustments.
Balance sensors in ears and position sensors in joints help athletes maintain centre of gravity within 2cm of optimal position.
This reveals the connection between nervous feedback and precise movement efficiency.

First Aid When Neural Function Compromised

When the nervous system is damaged, immediate intervention prevents further injury and enables recovery.
Recognising nerve problems leads to proper emergency response protecting immediate safety.
Athletes experiencing tingling, coordination loss, or irregular muscle function require immediate activity cessation.
TOTAPS assessment focusing on sensation testing prevents worsening of nerve injuries.

Implications and Synthesis

These relationships show the nervous system orchestrates all efficient movement through coordination and feedback.
When neural function is compromised, movement efficiency decreases dramatically.
Therefore, first aid protocols must prioritise neural assessment and protection.
The significance is that proper intervention can prevent permanent damage and preserve movement capacity.