The following reaction scheme can be used to synthesise ethyl ethanoate.
Outline the reagents and conditions required for each step and how the product of each step could be identified. (7 marks)
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Step 1:
→ To synthesise chloroethane (A) into ethanol (B),
→ The mixture is then treated with concentrated sulfuric acid and refluxed.
→ Ethanol (B) can be identified using infrared spectroscopy by looking for a broad absorption between 3230 cm ¯1 and 3550 cm ¯1, which indicates the presence of an
→ Alternative ways to identify ethanol include: mass spectrum analysis (single ion peak at m/z = 46), reactivity tests, and
Step 2:
→ Ethanol (B) can be converted into ethanoic acid (C) by combining it with a strong oxidant like sodium carbonate, which produces carbon dioxide bubbles, confirming the presence of a carboxylic acid.
→ Ethanol will not react as above and the compounds can be distinguished.
→ Alternative ways to identify ethanoic acid include: IR or
Step 3
→ Ethyl ethanoate (D) can be synthesised by heating a mixture of ethanol, ethanoic acid and concentrated sulfuric acid under reflux.
→ A
→ Alternative ways to identify ethyl ethanoate include: a distinct smell, no
Step 1:
→ To synthesise chloroethane (A) into ethanol (B),
→ The mixture is then treated with concentrated sulfuric acid and refluxed.
→ Ethanol (B) can be identified using infrared spectroscopy by looking for a broad absorption between 3230 cm ¯1 and 3550 cm ¯1, which indicates the presence of an
→ Alternative ways to identify ethanol include: mass spectrum analysis (single ion peak at m/z = 46), reactivity tests, and
Step 2:
→ Ethanol (B) can be converted into ethanoic acid (C) by combining it with a strong oxidant like sodium carbonate, which produces carbon dioxide bubbles, confirming the presence of a carboxylic acid.
→ Ethanol will not react as above and the compounds can be distinguished.
→ Alternative ways to identify ethanoic acid include: IR or
Step 3
→ Ethyl ethanoate (D) can be synthesised by heating a mixture of ethanol, ethanoic acid and concentrated sulfuric acid under reflux.
→ A
→ Alternative ways to identify ethyl ethanoate include: a distinct smell, no